Kehinde M O, Shittu A M, Adewuyi S A, Osunsina I O O, Adeyonu A G
Department of Agriculture, Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
Heliyon. 2021 Feb 2;7(2):e06110. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06110. eCollection 2021 Feb.
There are growing campaigns to promote land titling to secure Land Tenure and Property Rights (LTPRs) in African agriculture. Theoretically, deed registration should reduce land disputes, facilitate land use as collateral for loans, and stimulate investment in land improvement for increased productivity, income and food security. Empirical evidence in these regards, however, remains anecdotal, and sometimes conflicting. This paper reports a study that examined LTPRs' among smallholder rice farmers in Northern Nigeria and the influence on household food security (HFS). It used cross-section data obtained from 549 rice farmers, selected by multistage sampling across 84 rice-growing communities, seven (7) States and the three (3) geopolitical zones in northern Nigeria. Data collection was by personal interviews of adult members of the farmers' households, focusing on the households' socio-economics, livelihoods, and LTPRs on farmland cultivated during the 2016/17 farming season. HFS was assessed within the framework of the United States Department of Agriculture' HFS Survey Module. LTPRs assessment was in terms of the type (source) and registration of titles to farmlands. HFS modelling was within the framework of Poisson, Instrumental Variable Poisson (IVP) and Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression methods, with endogeneity concerns and choice of specification addressed within Hausman specification tests. The results show that land titling is not endogenous in the estimated models; and that HFS is significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced with an increase in shares of freehold and leasehold in the households' farmlands, as against reliance on communal holdings. Holding secure title to farmlands, however, had no significant influence on HFS. The evidence supports the need to develop land markets to enhance the ease of land transfer, as part of measures to enhance HFS in northern Nigeria.
在非洲农业领域，为保障土地保有权和财产权（LTPRs）而推动土地确权的运动日益增多。从理论上讲，契约登记应减少土地纠纷，便于将土地用作贷款抵押，并刺激对土地改良的投资，以提高生产力、增加收入和保障粮食安全。然而，这方面的实证证据仍然只是传闻，而且有时相互矛盾。本文报告了一项研究，该研究考察了尼日利亚北部小农户的土地保有权和财产权以及对家庭粮食安全（HFS）的影响。研究使用了通过多阶段抽样从尼日利亚北部84个水稻种植社区、7个州和3个地缘政治区选取的549名稻农那里获得的横截面数据。数据收集通过对农户成年成员进行个人访谈来进行，重点关注2016/17种植季节耕种农田的农户的社会经济状况、生计以及土地保有权和财产权。家庭粮食安全是在美国农业部家庭粮食安全调查模块的框架内进行评估的。土地保有权和财产权评估依据的是农田所有权的类型（来源）和登记情况。家庭粮食安全建模是在泊松、工具变量泊松（IVP）和零膨胀泊松（ZIP）回归方法的框架内进行的，内生性问题和规范选择在豪斯曼规范检验中得到解决。结果表明，在估计模型中土地确权并非内生变量；与依赖共有土地相比，家庭农田中永久产权和租赁产权份额的增加会显著（p<0.01）提高家庭粮食安全。然而，拥有农田的可靠产权对家庭粮食安全没有显著影响。这一证据支持了发展土地市场以提高土地转让便利性的必要性，这是增强尼日利亚北部家庭粮食安全措施的一部分。
