Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2021 May;246(10):1156-1166. doi: 10.1177/1535370221990322. Epub 2021 Feb 7.
Cancer-associated sarcopenia is a complex metabolic syndrome marked by muscle mass wasting. Muscle wasting is a serious complication that is a primary contributor to cancer-related mortality. The underlying molecular mechanisms of cancer-associated sarcopenia have not been completely described to date. In general, evidence shows that the main pathophysiological alterations in sarcopenia are associated with the degradation of cellular components, an exceptional inflammatory secretome and mitochondrial dysfunction. Importantly, we highlight the prospect that several miRNAs carried by tumor-derived exosomes that have shown the ability to promote inflammatory secretion, activate catabolism, and even participate in the regulation of cellular degradation pathways can be delivered to and exert effects on muscle cells. In this review, we aim to describe the current knowledge about the functions of exosomal miRNAs in the induction of cancer-associated muscle wasting and propose potential treatment strategies.
癌症相关性肌肉减少症是一种以肌肉质量减少为特征的复杂代谢综合征。肌肉减少症是一种严重的并发症，是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。癌症相关性肌肉减少症的潜在分子机制迄今尚未完全描述。一般来说，有证据表明，肌肉减少症的主要病理生理改变与细胞成分的降解、特殊的炎症分泌组和线粒体功能障碍有关。重要的是，我们强调了这样一种前景，即来自肿瘤衍生的外泌体的几种 miRNA 能够促进炎症分泌、激活分解代谢，甚至参与细胞降解途径的调节，这些 miRNA 可以被递送到肌肉细胞并发挥作用。在这篇综述中，我们旨在描述外泌体 miRNA 在诱导癌症相关性肌肉减少症中的作用的最新知识，并提出潜在的治疗策略。
