Klatt Stefanie, Smeeton Nicholas J
German Sport University Cologne, Institute of Exercise Training and Sport Informatics, Cologne, Germany.
Institute of Sport Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2022 Apr;22(4):600-609. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2021.1887366. Epub 2021 Feb 28.
Processing information in peripheral vision is an important perceptual-cognitive skill in team sports. The relative contribution of various perceptual-cognitive skills to expertise in sports throughout adolescence has not been investigated in detail yet. The current study examined the effects of chronological age and training experience on perception, attention, and decision making in young soccer players. Sixty-five elite youth players were required to judge different game situations in a decision-making task involving both perceptual (object detection) and attentional (postural feature recognition) skills to perceive player configurations in the visual periphery. In general, performance decreased in the decision-making and feature-recognition tasks with increasing use of peripheral visual field, but not in the object-detection task. Superior performances were found for under 18-years-old players compared to under 16-years-old players especially in their attentional skills. Higher training experience affected decision-making and attentional performance. Overall, the findings provide insights and implications for training perceptual-cognitive skills in team sports Elite youth soccer players' performance decreased in a soccer-specific decision-making and feature-recognition tasks with increasing use of peripheral visual field, but not in an object-detection task.Superior performances were found for under 18 years old players compared to under 16 years old players especially in their attentional skills.Both chronological age and training experience influenced the recognition of postural feature in peripheral vision, whereas player detection was unaffected.The ability to recognize postural features in peripheral vision is an important characteristic of decision making in sports and requires a mature visual system, sufficient attentional capacity, and may be developed through extended task-specific practice.
处理周边视觉信息是团队运动中一项重要的感知认知技能。然而，在整个青春期，各种感知认知技能对运动专长的相对贡献尚未得到详细研究。本研究考察了实际年龄和训练经验对年轻足球运动员感知、注意力和决策的影响。65名精英青年球员被要求在一项决策任务中判断不同的比赛场景，该任务涉及感知（目标检测）和注意力（姿势特征识别）技能，以感知视觉周边的球员配置。总体而言，随着周边视野使用的增加，决策和特征识别任务的表现下降，但目标检测任务中没有下降。与16岁以下的球员相比，18岁以下的球员表现更优，尤其是在注意力技能方面。更高的训练经验影响决策和注意力表现。总体而言，这些发现为团队运动中感知认知技能的训练提供了见解和启示。精英青年足球运动员在特定于足球的决策和特征识别任务中的表现随着周边视野使用的增加而下降，但在目标检测任务中没有下降。与16岁以下的球员相比，18岁以下的球员表现更优，尤其是在注意力技能方面。实际年龄和训练经验都影响了周边视觉中姿势特征的识别，而球员检测则不受影响。在周边视觉中识别姿势特征的能力是运动决策的一个重要特征，需要成熟的视觉系统、足够的注意力容量，并且可以通过扩展的特定任务练习来培养。
