Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
J Occup Health. 2021 Jan;63(1):e12204. doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12204.
We examined whether the effect of long working hours on the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) differs depending on individual risk factors.
Seven-year follow-up data were extracted from the 2009 to 2016 waves of the Korea Health Panel Survey. Physician's diagnosis or medication for hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity were included as chronic disease status. Smoking, drinking alcohol, and exercise levels were considered as lifestyle behavior. Hazard ratios were calculated using the Cox regression models to evaluate the risk of CVD related to chronic diseases and unhealthy behavior, based on working hour groups, after adjusting for other covariates. The interactive effects of long working hours with or without chronic diseases and unhealthy behavior on CVD were assessed using the relative excess risk due to interaction and attributable proportion measures.
There was a statistically significant interaction between long working hours and chronic diseases within the population, especially among male participants (P-value for interaction <.01 and .03, respectively). There were no significant interactions between unhealthy behavior and long working hours.
Long working hours and chronic disease have a synergistic negative effect on the risk of CVD.
本研究旨在探讨工作时间长是否会因个体危险因素的不同而对心血管疾病（CVD）的发病风险产生影响。
本研究从 2009 年至 2016 年的韩国健康面板调查中提取了 7 年的随访数据。高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和肥胖的医生诊断或药物治疗被视为慢性病状态。吸烟、饮酒和运动水平被视为生活方式行为。在调整其他协变量后，使用 Cox 回归模型计算风险比，以评估基于工作时间组的与 CVD 相关的慢性病和不健康行为的风险。使用交互作用超额相对危险度和归因比例措施评估长工作时间与慢性病和不健康行为之间的交互作用对 CVD 的影响。
在人群中，长工作时间与慢性病之间存在统计学显著的交互作用，尤其是在男性参与者中（交互作用的 P 值分别为<.01 和<.03）。不健康行为与长工作时间之间没有显著的交互作用。
长工作时间和慢性病对 CVD 的发病风险有协同的负面影响。
