Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, Science Campus, University of South Africa, Florida 1710, South Africa.
Molecules. 2021 Feb 4;26(4):795. doi: 10.3390/molecules26040795.
crops are important for their use as food and nutritional sources, as well as for their medicinal properties. They are mostly harvested from the wild, and cultivation of species is still rare, and therefore, attempts are being made to commercialize and market this important crop. This research investigated the effect of cultivation and environment on the chemical profile of both cultivated and wild and by multivariate statistical analysis of spectral data deduced by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Furthermore, wild samples of and were subjected to Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) for further analysis. Through NMR analysis, it was found that maltose and sucrose increased in both cultivated and . Moreover, the amino acid, proline was present in cultivated in high quantity whereas, proline and leucine were prominent in . Other compounds that were found in both wild and cultivated and are trehalose, trigonelline, lactulose, betaine, valine, alanine, fumarate, formate and kynurenine. LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of rutin, 2-phenylethenamine and amaranthussaponin I in both wild and while chlorogenic acid was identified only in cultivated . On the contrary, L-tryptophan, kaempferol, phenylalanine and quercetin were detected only in wild . Amaranth is not only rich in macro and micronutrients, but the leaves also contain phytochemicals that vary between species and cultivated plants, and might, therefore, affect the medicinal properties of the material.
作物因其作为食物和营养来源的用途以及其药用特性而非常重要。它们主要是从野外收获的，而物种的栽培仍然很少，因此，正在努力使这种重要的作物商业化和推向市场。这项研究通过核磁共振（NMR）推断的光谱数据的多元统计分析，调查了栽培和环境对栽培和野生 和 的化学特征的影响。此外，对 和 的野生样本进行了液相色谱-质谱（LC-MS）分析以进行进一步分析。通过 NMR 分析，发现麦芽糖和蔗糖在栽培的 和 中均增加。此外，脯氨酸在栽培的 中大量存在，而脯氨酸和亮氨酸在 中较为突出。在野生和栽培的 和 中还发现了其他化合物，如海藻糖、三磷酸尿苷、乳果糖、甜菜碱、缬氨酸、丙氨酸、富马酸、甲酸和犬尿氨酸。LC-MS 分析表明，野生 和 中均存在芦丁、2-苯乙胺和苋菜皂苷 I，而仅在栽培的 中鉴定出绿原酸。相反，L-色氨酸、山奈酚、苯丙氨酸和槲皮素仅在野生 中检测到。苋菜不仅富含宏量和微量元素，而且其叶子还含有不同物种和栽培植物之间存在差异的植物化学物质，因此可能影响材料的药用特性。
