Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
eNeuro. 2021 Apr 5;8(2). doi: 10.1523/ENEURO.0186-20.2021. Print 2021 Mar-Apr.
We can focus visuospatial attention by covertly attending to relevant locations, moving our eyes, or both simultaneously. How does shifting versus holding covert attention during fixation compare with maintaining covert attention across saccades? We acquired human fMRI data during a combined saccade and covert attention task. On Eyes-fixed trials, participants either held attention at the same initial location ("hold attention") or shifted attention to another location midway through the trial ("shift attention"). On Eyes-move trials, participants made a saccade midway through the trial, while maintaining attention in one of two reference frames: the "retinotopic attention" condition involved holding attention at a fixation-relative location but shifting to a different screen-centered location, whereas the "spatiotopic attention" condition involved holding attention on the same screen-centered location but shifting relative to fixation. We localized the brain network sensitive to attention shifts (shift > hold attention), and used multivoxel pattern time course (MVPTC) analyses to investigate the patterns of brain activity for spatiotopic and retinotopic attention across saccades. In the attention shift network, we found transient information about both whether covert shifts were made and whether saccades were executed. Moreover, in this network, both retinotopic and spatiotopic conditions were represented more similarly to shifting than to holding covert attention. An exploratory searchlight analysis revealed additional regions where spatiotopic was relatively more similar to shifting and retinotopic more to holding. Thus, maintaining retinotopic and spatiotopic attention across saccades may involve different types of updating that vary in similarity to covert attention "hold" and "shift" signals across different regions.
我们可以通过将注意力集中在相关位置、移动眼睛或同时进行这两种方式来集中注意力。在固定注视时，转移注意力与保持注意力的区别是什么？与保持跨眼跳的注意力相比，保持注意力有什么不同？我们在一项结合了眼跳和注意力转移任务的 fMRI 研究中获得了人类的 fMRI 数据。在眼睛固定试验中，参与者要么在同一初始位置保持注意力（“保持注意力”），要么在试验中途将注意力转移到另一个位置（“转移注意力”）。在眼睛运动试验中，参与者在试验中途进行眼跳，同时将注意力保持在两个参考框架中的一个：“视网膜注意”条件涉及在注视相关位置保持注意力，但转移到不同的屏幕中心位置，而“空间注意”条件涉及在相同的屏幕中心位置保持注意力，但相对于注视位置进行相对转移。我们定位了对注意力转移敏感的大脑网络（转移>保持注意力），并使用多体素模式时间序列（MVPTC）分析来研究跨眼跳的空间和视网膜注意的大脑活动模式。在注意力转移网络中，我们发现了关于是否进行了注意力转移以及是否执行了眼跳的短暂信息。此外，在这个网络中，空间和视网膜条件都与转移相比，与保持注意力更相似。探索性搜索灯分析揭示了其他区域，在这些区域中，空间注意相对更类似于转移，而视网膜注意更类似于保持。因此，在眼跳中保持空间和视网膜注意力可能涉及不同类型的更新，这些更新在与注意力“保持”和“转移”信号的相似性方面在不同区域有所不同。
