Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2021 Jul 1;13(7):a039941. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a039941.
Plant fitness is largely dependent on the root, the underground organ, which, besides its anchoring function, supplies the plant body with water and all nutrients necessary for growth and development. To exploit the soil effectively, roots must constantly integrate environmental signals and react through adjustment of growth and development. Important components of the root management strategy involve a rapid modulation of the root growth kinetics and growth direction, as well as an increase of the root system radius through formation of lateral roots (LRs). At the molecular level, such a fascinating growth and developmental flexibility of root organ requires regulatory networks that guarantee stability of the developmental program but also allows integration of various environmental inputs. The plant hormone auxin is one of the principal endogenous regulators of root system architecture by controlling primary root growth and formation of LR. In this review, we discuss recent progress in understanding molecular networks where auxin is one of the main players shaping the root system and acting as mediator between endogenous cues and environmental factors.
植物的适应性在很大程度上取决于根，这一位于地下的器官不仅起到固定的作用，还为植物的生长和发育提供水分和所有必要的营养物质。为了有效地利用土壤，根必须不断整合环境信号，并通过调整生长和发育来做出反应。根管理策略的重要组成部分包括快速调节根的生长动力学和生长方向，以及通过形成侧根（LR）增加根系半径。在分子水平上，根器官如此引人入胜的生长和发育灵活性需要调控网络来保证发育程序的稳定性，同时也允许整合各种环境输入。植物激素生长素是通过控制主根生长和侧根形成来控制根系结构的主要内源性调节剂之一。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了理解分子网络的最新进展，其中生长素是塑造根系的主要参与者之一，并作为内源性线索和环境因素之间的中介。
