Jiang Na, Zhang Xiaoyu, Gu Xuejun, Li Xiaozhuang, Shang Lei
Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
Cell Death Discov. 2021 Feb 8;7(1):30. doi: 10.1038/s41420-021-00407-1.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides but not translated into proteins. LncRNAs regulate gene expressions at multiple levels, such as chromatin, transcription, and post-transcription. Further, lncRNAs participate in various biological processes such as cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and maintenance of stem cell pluripotency. We have previously reported that lncRNAs are closely related to programmed cell death (PCD), which includes apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and ferroptosis. Overexpression of lncRNA can suppress the extrinsic apoptosis pathway by downregulating of membrane receptors and protect tumor cells by inhibiting the expression of necroptosis-related proteins. Some lncRNAs can also act as competitive endogenous RNA to prevent oxidation, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis, while some are known to activate autophagy. The relationship between lncRNA and PCD has promising implications in clinical research, and reports have highlighted this relationship in various cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer and gastric cancer. This review systematically summarizes the advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms through which lncRNAs impact PCD.
长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）是长度超过200个核苷酸但不翻译成蛋白质的转录本。lncRNAs在多个水平上调控基因表达，如染色质、转录和转录后水平。此外，lncRNAs参与各种生物学过程，如细胞分化、细胞周期调控和干细胞多能性的维持。我们之前报道过lncRNAs与程序性细胞死亡（PCD）密切相关，程序性细胞死亡包括凋亡、自噬、坏死性凋亡和铁死亡。lncRNA的过表达可通过下调膜受体抑制外源性凋亡途径，并通过抑制坏死性凋亡相关蛋白的表达来保护肿瘤细胞。一些lncRNAs还可作为竞争性内源性RNA来防止氧化，从而抑制铁死亡，而有些则已知可激活自噬。lncRNA与PCD之间的关系在临床研究中有广阔的应用前景，已有报道强调了这种关系在非小细胞肺癌和胃癌等多种癌症中的存在。本综述系统总结了在理解lncRNAs影响PCD的分子机制方面取得的进展。
