Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw, 50-383, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 8;11(1):3329. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-82074-x.
We have recently found that β-actin-like protein 2 (actbl2) forms complexes with gelsolin in human melanoma cells and can polymerize. Phylogenetic and bioinformatic analyses showed that actbl2 has a common origin with two non-muscle actins, which share a separate history from the muscle actins. The actin groups' divergence started at the beginning of vertebrate evolution, and actbl2 actins are characterized by the largest number of non-conserved amino acid substitutions of all actins. We also discovered that ACTBL2 is expressed at a very low level in several melanoma cell lines, but a small subset of cells exhibited a high ACTBL2 expression. We found that clones with knocked-out ACTBL2 (CR-ACTBL2) or overexpressing actbl2 (OE-ACTBL2) differ from control cells in the invasion, focal adhesion formation, and actin polymerization ratio, as well as in the formation of lamellipodia and stress fibers. Thus, we postulate that actbl2 is the seventh actin isoform and is essential for cell motility.
我们最近发现β-肌动蛋白样蛋白 2（actbl2）在人黑色素瘤细胞中与凝胶蛋白形成复合物，并能进行聚合。系统发生和生物信息学分析表明，actbl2 与两种非肌肉肌动蛋白具有共同的起源，它们与肌肉肌动蛋白有着不同的历史。肌动蛋白家族的分化始于脊椎动物进化的早期，actbl2 肌动蛋白的特点是所有肌动蛋白中具有最多的非保守氨基酸取代。我们还发现，在几种黑色素瘤细胞系中，ACTBL2 的表达水平非常低，但一小部分细胞表现出高 ACTBL2 表达。我们发现，敲除 ACTBL2（CR-ACTBL2）或过表达 actbl2（OE-ACTBL2）的克隆与对照细胞在侵袭、焦点黏附形成、肌动蛋白聚合比以及片状伪足和应激纤维的形成方面存在差异。因此，我们假设 actbl2 是第七种肌动蛋白同工型，对细胞运动至关重要。
