Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, Clemson, SC.
Forest Health Program, The Nature Conservancy, Missoula, MT.
J Econ Entomol. 2021 Feb 9;114(1):14-23. doi: 10.1093/jee/toaa278.
Native and nonnative insects and diseases can result in detrimental impacts to trees and forests, including the loss of economic resources and ecosystem services. Increases in globalization and changing human behaviors have created new anthropogenic pathways for long distance pest dispersal. In North America, literature suggests that once a forest or tree pest is established, the movement of firewood by the general public for recreational or home heating purposes is one of the primary pathways for its dispersal. Understanding human perceptions and behaviors is essential to inform the most effective strategies for modifying firewood and pest dispersal by humans. This scoping review seeks to assess trends and gaps in the existing literature, as well as patterns in behavior related to forest pest dispersal through firewood movement in North America. We identified 76 documents that addressed this topic to which we applied inclusion and exclusion criteria to select articles for further analysis. Twenty-five articles met the inclusion criteria and were categorized based on five identified themes: 1) insect incidence in firewood, 2) insect dispersal via firewood, 3) recreational firewood movement, 4) firewood treatments, and 5) behavior and rule compliance. The selected articles show trends that suggest that firewood movement presents a risk for forest insect dispersal, but that behavior can be modified, and compliance, monitoring, and treatments should be strengthened. This scoping review found limited research about western United States, Mexico, and Canada, various insect species and other organisms, regulation and management, awareness, and behavioral dimensions of firewood movement.
本地和非本地的昆虫和疾病可能对树木和森林造成有害影响，包括经济资源和生态系统服务的损失。全球化的增加和人类行为的变化为远距离害虫传播创造了新的人为途径。在北美，文献表明，一旦森林或树木害虫得到建立，公众为娱乐或家庭取暖目的而移动木柴是其传播的主要途径之一。了解人类的看法和行为对于告知修改木柴和人类传播害虫的最有效策略至关重要。本范围审查旨在评估现有文献中的趋势和差距，以及与通过木柴移动森林害虫传播相关的行为模式。我们确定了 76 份涉及该主题的文件，对其应用了纳入和排除标准，以选择进一步分析的文章。有 25 篇文章符合纳入标准，并根据五个已确定的主题进行了分类：1）木柴中的昆虫发生率，2）通过木柴传播的昆虫，3）娱乐性木柴移动，4）木柴处理，以及 5）行为和规则遵守。所选文章表明，木柴移动对森林昆虫传播构成风险，但行为可以改变，应加强合规性、监测和处理。本范围审查发现有关美国西部、墨西哥和加拿大、各种昆虫物种和其他生物、法规和管理、意识以及木柴移动的行为方面的研究有限。
