摒弃机会均等的神话：消除美国护理教育中种族主义的议程。
Rejecting the myth of equal opportunity: an agenda to eliminate racism in nursing education in the United States.
作者信息
Iheduru-Anderson Kechinyere C, Wahi Monika M
机构信息
The Herbert H. and Grace A. Dow College of Health Professions, CHP 2215, Central Michigan University, 48859, Mount Pleasant, US.
DethWench Professional Services, 30 Newbury Street, 3rd Floor, MA, 02116, Boston, US.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2021 Feb 9;20(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s12912-021-00548-9.
BACKGROUND
Unfortunately, racism and discrimination against Ethnic minority (EM) has been globalized, universally infecting industries worldwide, and the field of nursing has not been spared. In the United States (US), overt and institutionalized racism (IR) still permeates the fields of nursing, nursing leadership, and nursing education. Programs to address these disparities, and efforts by nursing professional societies and nursing education policymaking bodies to address racism in the nursing field, specifically with nursing leadership and education, have met with little success.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the existence and magnitude of racism and its impact on the fields of nursing, nursing leadership, and nursing education, and to make evidence-based recommendations for an agenda for reforming nursing education in the US.
METHODS
A narrative literature review was conducted with a focus on pulling together the strongest evidence on which to base policy recommendations.
RESULTS
Based on the available literature, we put forth five recommendations aimed at modifying nursing education in the US as a strategy to counter IR in the US in the nursing field.
CONCLUSIONS
Recommendations to address IR in nursing focus on nursing education, and involve implementing programs to address the lack of opportunity for both EM students and faculty in nursing, developing an anti-discriminatory pedagogy, and incorporating diversity initiatives as key performance indicators (KPIs) in the process of approval and accreditation of nursing programs.
背景
不幸的是，对少数族裔（EM）的种族主义和歧视已经全球化，普遍影响着全球各行各业，护理领域也未能幸免。在美国，公开的和制度化的种族主义（IR）仍然渗透到护理、护理领导和护理教育领域。旨在解决这些差异的项目，以及护理专业协会和护理教育决策机构为解决护理领域的种族主义，特别是在护理领导和教育方面所做的努力，收效甚微。
目的
本文旨在说明种族主义的存在及其程度，以及它对护理、护理领导和护理教育领域的影响，并为美国护理教育改革议程提出基于证据的建议。
方法
进行了一项叙述性文献综述，重点是汇集作为政策建议依据的最有力证据。
结果
基于现有文献，我们提出了五项建议，旨在修改美国的护理教育，作为应对美国护理领域IR的一项策略。
结论
解决护理领域IR的建议侧重于护理教育，包括实施项目以解决EM学生和护理教师缺乏机会的问题，制定反歧视教学法，并将多样性倡议纳入护理项目审批和认证过程中的关键绩效指标（KPI）。
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