社区中认同跨性别身份的青少年的规范性和负面性性经历。
Normative and negative sexual experiences of transgender identifying adolescents in the community.
作者信息
Heino Elias, Fröjd Sari, Marttunen Mauri, Kaltiala Riittakerttu
机构信息
University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland.
University of Tampere, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere, Finland.
出版信息
Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol. 2020 Nov 20;8:166-175. doi: 10.21307/sjcapp-2020-017. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Sexuality is a major facet of development during adolescence. Apace with normal sexual development, sexual experiences become more common and intimate. Recent research reports mixed results as to whether this is the case among transgender identifying adolescents. Recent research also suggests that trans youth experience negative sexual experiences (such as dating violence and sexual harassment) more often than their cisgender identifying peers. However, most studies have had clinical or selected samples.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study is to compare the normative as well as negative sexual experiences of trans youth with their cisgender peers in the general population.
METHOD
Our study included 1386 pupils of the ninth year of comprehensive school in Finland, mean age (SD) 15.59 (0.41) years. We compared sexual experiences, sexual harassment and dating violence among trans youth and their cisgender identifying peers. Distributions of the outcome variables were calculated among the whole sample and by sex. Next, multivariate associations were studied using logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, honesty of responding and depression. Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) are given.
RESULTS
After adjusting for age, sex, honesty of responding and ultimately for depression, normative sexual experiences of trans youth did not differ systematically from those of the mainstream, cisgender identifying youth. After adjusting for sex, age and honesty, transgender youth had increased Odds Ratios for experiences of sexual coercion and dating violence perpetration. In the final models however, no statistically significant differences were detected in the negative sexual experiences between transgender and cisgender youth.
CONCLUSIONS
Transgender identifying adolescents presented neither with delayed nor with excessively advanced sexual experiences. However, transgender youth seem to be more susceptible to subjection to sexual coercion and, unexpectedly, dating violence perpetration than their cisgender peers. However, these associations may in fact relate more closely to depression, a prevalent phenomenon among trans youth, than transgender identity itself.
背景
性取向是青少年发育过程中的一个主要方面。随着正常性发育的进行，性经历变得更加普遍和私密。近期研究对于跨性别青少年是否也是如此给出了不一的结果。近期研究还表明，跨性别青少年比其顺性别同龄人更常经历负面性经历（如约会暴力和性骚扰）。然而，大多数研究采用的是临床样本或特定样本。
目的
本研究旨在比较普通人群中跨性别青少年与其顺性别同龄人的正常性经历和负面性经历。
方法
我们的研究纳入了芬兰综合学校九年级的1386名学生，平均年龄（标准差）为15.59（0.41）岁。我们比较了跨性别青少年与其顺性别同龄人的性经历、性骚扰和约会暴力情况。在整个样本以及按性别计算了结果变量的分布。接下来，使用逻辑回归研究多变量关联，并对年龄、性别、回答的诚实度和抑郁进行了调整。给出了95%置信区间（CI）的比值比（OR）。
结果
在对年龄、性别、回答的诚实度以及最终对抑郁进行调整后，跨性别青少年的正常性经历与主流的、认同顺性别的青少年没有系统性差异。在对性别、年龄和诚实度进行调整后，跨性别青少年遭受性胁迫和实施约会暴力的比值比有所增加。然而，在最终模型中，跨性别青少年和顺性别青少年在负面性经历方面未检测到统计学上的显著差异。
结论
认同跨性别的青少年既没有出现性经历延迟，也没有出现性经历过度提前的情况。然而，与他们的顺性别同龄人相比，跨性别青少年似乎更容易遭受性胁迫，而且出乎意料的是，更容易实施约会暴力。然而，这些关联实际上可能与抑郁（跨性别青少年中普遍存在的一种现象）的关系比与跨性别身份本身的关系更为密切。
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