School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Mar;105(5):1759-1777. doi: 10.1007/s00253-021-11121-4. Epub 2021 Feb 10.
The multienzyme complex system has become a research focus in synthetic biology due to its highly efficient overall catalytic ability and has been applied to various fields. Multienzyme complexes are formed by cascading complexes, which are multiple functionally related enzymes that continuously and efficiently catalyze the production of substrates. Compared with current mainstream microbial cell catalytic systems, in vitro multienzyme molecular machines have many advantages, such as fewer side reactions, a high product yield, a fast reaction speed, easy product separation, a tolerable toxic environment, and robust system operability, showing increasing competitiveness in the field of biomanufacturing. In this review, the research progress of multienzyme complexes in nature and multienzyme cascades in vivo or in vitro will be introduced, and the discovered enzyme cascades concerning scaffolding proteins will also be discussed. This review is expected to provide a more theoretical basis for the modification of multienzyme complexes and broaden their application in the field of synthetic biology. KEY POINTS: • The cascade reactions of some natural multienzyme complexes are reviewed. • The main approaches of constructing artificial multienzyme complexes are summarized. • The structure and application of cellulosomes are discussed and prospected.
多酶复合物系统因其具有高效的整体催化能力而成为合成生物学的研究焦点，并已应用于各个领域。多酶复合物是由级联复合物形成的，级联复合物是多个功能相关的酶，它们连续有效地催化底物的产生。与当前主流的微生物细胞催化系统相比，体外多酶分子机器具有许多优点，例如较少的副反应、较高的产物产率、较快的反应速度、易于产物分离、可耐受毒性环境以及稳健的系统可操作性，在生物制造领域表现出越来越强的竞争力。在这篇综述中，将介绍自然界中多酶复合物和体内或体外多酶级联的研究进展，并讨论涉及支架蛋白的已发现的酶级联。预计这篇综述将为多酶复合物的修饰提供更坚实的理论基础，并拓宽其在合成生物学领域的应用。关键点：
综述了一些天然多酶复合物的级联反应。
总结了构建人工多酶复合物的主要方法。
讨论并展望了细胞表面展示纤维素酶的结构和应用。
