Leier Julia, Michenfelder Nadine C, Unterreiner Andreas-Neil
Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
ChemistryOpen. 2021 Feb;10(2):72-82. doi: 10.1002/open.202000278. Epub 2020 Dec 3.
Photoexcitation of (neat) room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) leads to the observation of transient species that are reminiscent of the composition of the RTILs themselves. In this minireview, we summarize state-of-the-art in the understanding of the underlying elementary processes. By varying the anion or cation, one aim is to generally predict radiation-induced chemistry and physics of RTILs. One major task is to address the fate of excess electrons (and holes) after photoexcitation, which implies an overview of various formation mechanisms considering structural and dynamical aspects. Therefore, transient studies on time scales from femtoseconds to microseconds can greatly help to elucidate the most relevant steps after photoexcitation. Sometimes, radiation may eventually result in destruction of the RTILs making photostability another important issue to be discussed. Finally, characteristic heterogeneities can be associated with specific physicochemical properties. Influencing these properties by adding conventional solvents, like water, can open a wide field of application, which is briefly summarized.
（纯）室温离子液体（RTILs）的光激发导致观察到一些瞬态物种，这些物种让人联想到RTILs本身的组成。在这篇小型综述中，我们总结了对潜在基本过程理解的最新进展。通过改变阴离子或阳离子，一个目标是总体上预测RTILs的辐射诱导化学和物理性质。一个主要任务是解决光激发后过量电子（和空穴）的归宿问题，这意味着要从结构和动力学方面对各种形成机制进行概述。因此，从飞秒到微秒时间尺度的瞬态研究可以极大地帮助阐明光激发后最相关的步骤。有时，辐射最终可能导致RTILs的破坏，这使得光稳定性成为另一个需要讨论的重要问题。最后，特征不均匀性可能与特定的物理化学性质相关。通过添加常规溶剂（如水）来影响这些性质，可以开辟一个广泛的应用领域，本文将对此进行简要总结。
