Lab de Entomologia, Depto de Zoologia, Univ Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia da Univ Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Neotrop Entomol. 2021 Apr;50(2):269-281. doi: 10.1007/s13744-020-00842-2. Epub 2021 Feb 10.
Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) Berliner, 1911 is widely used in the biological control of black fly and mosquito populations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Bti on the black fly communities in streams in the Atlantic Forest domain. The study was carried out in eight streams of Serra do Mar, in the municipality of Ubatuba, São Paulo. Some parts of the streams in this locality have received applications of Bti fortnightly for more than 25 years by the sanitary agency of the region. In each stream, two sections were sampled, with and without application of Bti (June 2015 and 2016). Black flies were collected and identified to the species level in the laboratory with 1382 larvae being identified, distributed in six species. Of this total, 73% of the individuals were found in sections where Bti was not applied. There was a difference in the abundance of simulids between the sections with and without Bti application, being more abundant in the latter. We measured the head capsule of individuals of the most abundant species, Simulium pertinax Kollar 1832, using a stereoscopic microscope with millimeter lens. These measurements demonstrated that there was a difference between the sections regarding the age structure of Simuliidae populations. In the sections without Bti application, there was a higher proportion of larvae in the last instar, while in the Bti-treated sections, smaller instars were predominant, possibly due to constant recolonization processes.
苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列变种（Bti） Berliner，1911 年被广泛应用于控制黑蝇和蚊子种群。本研究的目的是评估 Bti 对大西洋森林地区溪流中黑蝇群落的影响。该研究在圣保罗州乌巴图巴市的 Serra do Mar 进行，对该地区溪流的部分区域进行了超过 25 年的 Bti 每两周一次的应用。在每个溪流中，都采集了有和没有应用 Bti 的两个部分（2015 年 6 月和 2016 年 6 月）。在实验室中，用 1382 只幼虫对黑蝇进行了收集和鉴定，分布在六个物种中。在这些个体中，有 73%是在没有应用 Bti 的部分中发现的。在有和没有应用 Bti 的部分之间，模拟蚊的丰度存在差异，后者更为丰富。我们使用带有毫米镜头的立体显微镜测量了最丰富物种 Simulium pertinax Kollar 1832 的个体的头壳。这些测量结果表明，Simuliidae 种群的年龄结构在两个部分之间存在差异。在没有 Bti 应用的部分中，最后一个龄期的幼虫比例较高，而在 Bti 处理的部分中，较小的龄期占主导地位，这可能是由于不断的再殖民化过程。
