Department of Ecology, Aquaculture and Agriculture, University of Zadar, Mihovila Pavlinovića 1, 23000 Zadar, Croatia.
Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Biomolecules. 2021 Feb 8;11(2):243. doi: 10.3390/biom11020243.
Food and feed safety are of paramount relevance in everyday life. The awareness that different chemicals, e.g., those largely used in agriculture, could present both environmental problems and health hazards, has led to a large limitation of their use. Chemicals were also the main tool in a control of fungal pathogens and their secondary metabolites, mycotoxins. There is a drive to develop more environmentally friendly, "green", approaches to control mycotoxin contamination of foodstuffs. Different mushroom metabolites showed the potential to act as control agents against mycotoxin production. The use of a polysaccharide, Tramesan, extracted from the basidiomycete , for controlling biosynthesis of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A, has been previously discussed. In this study, oligosaccharides obtained from Tramesan were evaluated. The purified exopolysaccharide of was partially hydrolyzed and separated by chromatography into fractions from disaccharides to heptasaccharides. Each fraction was individually tested for mycotoxin inhibition in and . Fragments smaller than seven units showed no significant effect on mycotoxin inhibition; heptasaccharides showed inhibitory activity of up to 90% in both fungi. These results indicated that these oligosaccharides could be used as natural alternatives to crop protection chemicals for controlling these two mycotoxins.
食品安全和饲料安全在日常生活中至关重要。人们意识到，不同的化学物质，如在农业中大量使用的化学物质，既可能带来环境问题，也可能带来健康危害，因此对其使用进行了大量限制。这些化学物质也是控制真菌病原体及其次生代谢物（霉菌毒素）的主要工具。人们一直致力于开发更环保的“绿色”方法来控制食品中的霉菌毒素污染。不同蘑菇代谢物显示出作为控制剂来抑制霉菌毒素产生的潜力。已经讨论了使用从担子菌提取的多糖 Tramesan 来控制黄曲霉毒素 B1 和赭曲霉毒素 A 的生物合成。在这项研究中，评估了从 Tramesan 获得的低聚糖。从 中部分水解并通过色谱法将 的纯化胞外多糖分离成从二糖到七糖的片段。每个片段都单独测试了对 和 的霉菌毒素抑制作用。小于七个单位的片段对霉菌毒素抑制没有明显影响；七糖在两种真菌中均表现出高达 90%的抑制活性。这些结果表明，这些低聚糖可以用作替代作物保护化学品的天然替代品，用于控制这两种霉菌毒素。
