Araia Zenawi Zeramariam, Mesfin Araia Berhane, Mebrahtu Amanuel Hadgu, Tewelde Adiam Ghebreyohanns, Osman Randa, Tuumzghi Hagos Andom
National TB and Leprosy Control Program, Communicable Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Asmara, Eritrea.
Communicable Diseases Control Division, Ministry of Health, Asmara, Eritrea.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021 Feb 4;14:515-523. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S293557. eCollection 2021.
Both diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Eritrea. TB-DM comorbidity is known to complicate TB care, control and prevention. However, systematically studied epidemiological data on TB-DM comorbidity and its associated risk factors are lacking in this country.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of DM and its associated factors among TB patients in the Maekel region, Eritrea.
Analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in eleven TB diagnostic and treatment sites. Pretested data extraction tool was used to collect data from medical records. Prevalence data were analysed using frequencies, proportions and median. To determine DM risk factors, univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was done with 95% CI and p value < 0.05 considered significant.
Out of total eligible (1134) TB cases, DM prevalence was 9.88%. Age and BMI were identified as independent risk factors for DM among TB patients. Higher odds of DM were found among TB patients aged 45-54 (aOR: 4.85[1.39-16.94], p= 0.013) and those ≥55 (aOR: 6.99[2.12-23.04], p= 0.001). TB cases with normal BMI were two times more likely to have DM (aOR: 2.00[1.23-3.26], p= 0.005) compared to those underweight.
The prevalence of DM among TB cases observed in this study is high, a clarion call to scale up current efforts to integrate TB-DM services within routine care. Furthermore, age and BMI were identified as independent risk factors for DM in TB cases, pointing to the need to pay attention to age and BMI status when managing this co-morbidity.
糖尿病（DM）和结核病（TB）都是厄立特里亚发病和死亡的主要原因。已知结核病与糖尿病合并症会使结核病的治疗、控制和预防复杂化。然而，该国缺乏关于结核病与糖尿病合并症及其相关危险因素的系统研究的流行病学数据。
本研究旨在评估厄立特里亚马凯尔地区结核病患者中糖尿病的患病率及其相关因素。
在11个结核病诊断和治疗地点进行了分析性横断面研究。使用预先测试的数据提取工具从医疗记录中收集数据。患病率数据采用频率、比例和中位数进行分析。为了确定糖尿病的危险因素，进行了单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，95%置信区间和p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
在总共符合条件的1134例结核病病例中，糖尿病患病率为9.88%。年龄和体重指数被确定为结核病患者患糖尿病的独立危险因素。年龄在45 - 54岁的结核病患者患糖尿病的几率更高（调整后比值比：4.85[1.39 - 16.94]，p = 0.013），年龄≥55岁的患者更高（调整后比值比：6.99[2.12 - 23.04]，p = 0.001）。体重指数正常的结核病病例患糖尿病的可能性是体重过轻病例的两倍（调整后比值比：2.00[1.23 - 3.26]，p = 0.005）。
本研究中观察到的结核病病例中糖尿病患病率很高，这呼吁加大当前在常规护理中整合结核病与糖尿病服务的努力。此外，年龄和体重指数被确定为结核病病例患糖尿病的独立危险因素，这表明在管理这种合并症时需要关注年龄和体重指数状况。
