Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Shenzhen Lansi Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
Xenotransplantation. 2021 May;28(3):e12678. doi: 10.1111/xen.12678. Epub 2021 Feb 10.
Islet transplantation is poised to play an important role in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, there are several challenges limiting its widespread use, including the instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction, hypoxic/ischemic injury, and the immune response. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are known to exert regenerative, immunoregulatory, angiogenic, and metabolic properties. Here, we review recent reports on the application of MSCs in islet allo- and xenotransplantation. We also document the clinical trials that have been undertaken or are currently underway, relating to the co-transplantation of islets and MSCs. Increasing evidence indicates that co-transplantation of MSCs prolongs islet graft survival by locally secreted protective factors that reduce immune reactivity and promote vascularization, cell survival, and regeneration. MSC therapy may be a promising option for islet transplantation in patients with T1DM.
胰岛移植有望在治疗 1 型糖尿病（T1DM）方面发挥重要作用。然而，有几个挑战限制了其广泛应用，包括即时的血液介导的炎症反应、缺氧/缺血损伤和免疫反应。间充质干细胞（MSCs）具有再生、免疫调节、血管生成和代谢特性。在这里，我们回顾了最近关于 MSCs 在胰岛同种和异种移植中的应用的报道。我们还记录了已经进行或正在进行的与胰岛和 MSCs 共移植相关的临床试验。越来越多的证据表明，MSCs 的共移植通过局部分泌的保护性因子延长胰岛移植物的存活，这些因子可降低免疫反应并促进血管生成、细胞存活和再生。MSC 治疗可能是 T1DM 患者胰岛移植的一种有前途的选择。
