Institute of Health Sciences, Lund University, Sweden.
The Transplant Centre, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden.
Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2021 Jan 1;20(1):34-39. doi: 10.1177/1474515120927121.
Self-efficacy refers to a person´s confidence in carrying out treatment-related activities and constitutes the foundation of self-management as well as long-term follow-up after heart transplantation. Exploring the heart recipients´ experiences by means of self-report instruments provides healthcare professionals with valuable information on how to supply self-management support after heart transplantation.
The aim was to explore self-efficacy in relation to the self-reported level of recovery and psychological wellbeing, among adult heart recipients, one to 5 years after transplantation.
This cross-sectional study includes 79 heart recipients, due for follow-up one to 5 years after transplantation. Three different self-assessment instruments were employed: the self-efficacy for managing chronic disease 6-item scale; the postoperative recovery profile; and the psychological general wellbeing instrument.
The reported level of self-efficacy was high (median 8.3, maximum score 10). Significantly higher self-efficacy was seen among those who had returned to work (P = 0.003) and those without pre-transplant mechanical circulatory support (P = 0.033). In total, 65.5% (n = 52) reported being reasonably recovered, while 18.8% (n = 12) were not recovered. The median total psychological general wellbeing score was 108 (P25 = 24, P75 = 117), suggesting overall good psychological wellbeing in the whole group of heart recipients.
The heart transplant recipients in our study had an overall high level of self-efficacy. Low self-efficacy was found among those with a low self-reported level of recovery, pre-transplant treatment with mechanical circulatory support or who had not returned to work. This is important information for transplant professionals when helping heart recipients to balance their expectations about recovery.
自我效能感是指一个人对执行与治疗相关的活动的信心，是自我管理以及心脏移植后的长期随访的基础。通过自我报告工具探索心脏受者的体验，可以为医疗保健专业人员提供有关如何在心脏移植后提供自我管理支持的宝贵信息。
本研究旨在探讨成人心脏移植受者在移植后 1 至 5 年内与自我报告的恢复水平和心理幸福感相关的自我效能感。
本横断面研究纳入了 79 名心脏移植受者，这些受者在移植后 1 至 5 年进行随访。使用了三种不同的自我评估工具：慢性疾病管理自我效能感 6 项量表、术后恢复情况表和心理总体幸福感量表。
报告的自我效能感水平较高（中位数 8.3，最高得分为 10）。与那些已经返回工作岗位的人（P=0.003）和那些在移植前没有接受机械循环支持的人（P=0.033）相比，自我效能感明显更高。总共 65.5%（n=52）报告恢复情况良好，而 18.8%（n=12）报告恢复情况不佳。总体心理幸福感的中位数总分为 108（P25=24，P75=117），表明整个心脏受者群体的心理幸福感总体良好。
我们研究中的心脏移植受者总体上具有较高的自我效能感。自我报告的恢复水平较低、移植前接受机械循环支持治疗或未返回工作的受者，其自我效能感较低。这是移植专业人员在帮助心脏受者平衡对恢复的期望时的重要信息。
