Optics & Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, College of Health Sciences, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag 7, Congella, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4013, South Africa.
Women's Health and HIV Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2021 Feb 11;23(2):9. doi: 10.1007/s11906-021-01126-9.
The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is profound, with distressing consequences on many individuals, especially those with co-morbidities. Pregnant women are one such group of individuals who are at in increased risk of contracting COVID-19, due to their immunocompromised state. In South Africa, HIV infection and pre-eclampsia are the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality, with South Africa being the HIV epicentre of the world. The relationship between COVID-19 superimposed on HIV infection and preeclampsia is complex and uncertain due to their different immune responses, and therefore requires further research.
Notably evidence suggests that pregnant women with chronic comorbidities (HIV and pre-eclampsia) may be at a greater risk of contracting or encountering complications from COVID-19. Maternal stress, during a pandemic, as well as home delivery have become potential options for pregnant woman. Nonetheless there is currently a paucity of information on the combined effect of COVID-19 in HIV-associated preeclampsia. Understanding the pathogenesis of COVID-19 could potentially aid in developing effective treatment strategies for COVID-19 in HIV associated preeclampsia. This review article presents a comprehensive analysis of the current data in relation to COVID-19 and its effect on pregnant women, including symptoms, pathogenesis and the possible risk of vertical transmission. This paper also reviews its' interactions and effects on preeclamptic and HIV positive pregnant women with suspected or confirmed COVID-19.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行的影响是深远的，给许多人带来了痛苦的后果，尤其是那些患有合并症的人。孕妇就是这样一个群体，由于免疫功能低下，她们感染 COVID-19 的风险增加。在南非，艾滋病毒感染和先兆子痫是孕产妇发病率和死亡率的主要原因，南非是世界艾滋病毒的中心。由于 COVID-19 与艾滋病毒感染和先兆子痫的免疫反应不同，其关系复杂且不确定，因此需要进一步研究。
值得注意的是，有证据表明，患有慢性合并症（艾滋病毒和先兆子痫）的孕妇可能面临更大的感染 COVID-19 或出现并发症的风险。大流行期间的母婴压力以及家庭分娩已成为孕妇的潜在选择。尽管如此，目前关于 COVID-19 在与艾滋病毒相关的先兆子痫中的综合影响的信息仍然很少。了解 COVID-19 的发病机制可能有助于为与艾滋病毒相关的先兆子痫中的 COVID-19 开发有效的治疗策略。这篇综述文章全面分析了目前关于 COVID-19 及其对孕妇的影响的数据，包括症状、发病机制和垂直传播的可能风险。本文还综述了 COVID-19 与疑似或确诊 COVID-19 的先兆子痫和 HIV 阳性孕妇之间的相互作用和影响。
