Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
Acta Histochem. 2021 Apr;123(3):151694. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151694. Epub 2021 Feb 8.
Our research aimed to compare the epigenetic alterations between placentae of in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients and spontaneous pregnancies. Additionally, the expression levels of proliferation markers (PCNA, Ki67) and glucose transporter proteins (GLUT1, GLUT3) were assessed in control and IVF placentae to examine the possible consequences of epigenetic alterations on placental development. Control group placentae were obtained from spontaneous pregnancies of healthy women (n = 16). IVF placentae were obtained from fresh (n = 16) and frozen (n = 16) embryo transfer pregnancies. A group of maternal and paternal imprint genes H19, IGF2, IGF2, IGF2R, PHLDA2, PLAGL1, MASH2, GRB10, PEG1, PEG3, and PEG10 were detected by Real-Time PCR. Additionally, PCNA, Ki67, GLUT1, and GLUT3 protein levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blot. In the fresh embryo transfer placenta group (fETP), gene expression of paternal PEG1 and PEG10 was upregulated compared with the control group. Increased gene expression in paternal PEG1 and maternal IGFR2 genes was detected in the frozen embryo transfer placenta group (FET) compared with the control group. Conversely, expression levels of H19 and IGF2 genes were downregulated in the FET group. On the other hand, GLUT3 and PCNA expression was increased in FET group placentae. IVF techniques affect placental imprinted gene expressions which are important for proper placental development. Imprinted genes are differently expressed in fresh ET placentae and frozen ET placentae. In conclusion, these data indicate that altered imprinted gene expression may affect glucose transport and cell proliferation, therefore play an important role in placental development.
我们的研究旨在比较体外受精（IVF）患者和自然妊娠的胎盘之间的表观遗传改变。此外，还评估了增殖标志物（PCNA、Ki67）和葡萄糖转运蛋白（GLUT1、GLUT3）在对照组和 IVF 胎盘中的表达水平，以检查表观遗传改变对胎盘发育的可能影响。对照组胎盘取自健康女性的自然妊娠（n=16）。IVF 胎盘取自新鲜（n=16）和冷冻（n=16）胚胎移植妊娠。通过实时 PCR 检测了一组母系和父系印迹基因 H19、IGF2、IGF2R、PHLDA2、PLAGL1、MASH2、GRB10、PEG1、PEG3 和 PEG10。此外，通过免疫组织化学和 Western blot 评估了 PCNA、Ki67、GLUT1 和 GLUT3 蛋白水平。在新鲜胚胎移植胎盘组（fETP）中，与对照组相比，父系 PEG1 和 PEG10 的基因表达上调。与对照组相比，在冷冻胚胎移植胎盘组（FET）中检测到父系 PEG1 和母系 IGFR2 基因的基因表达增加。相反，在 FET 组中 H19 和 IGF2 基因的表达水平下调。另一方面，GLUT3 和 PCNA 在 FET 组胎盘中的表达增加。IVF 技术会影响胎盘印迹基因的表达，这些基因对胎盘的正常发育很重要。印迹基因在新鲜 ET 胎盘和冷冻 ET 胎盘中的表达不同。总之，这些数据表明，改变的印迹基因表达可能会影响葡萄糖转运和细胞增殖，因此在胎盘发育中起着重要作用。
