Li Yang, Yang Min, Zhang Lijia, Mao Zhengyu, Lin Yan, Xu Shengyu, Fang Zhengfeng, Che Lianqiang, Feng Bin, Li Jian, Zhuo Yong, Wu De
Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 May 12;9:831703. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.831703. eCollection 2022.
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fiber (DF) supplementation in gestation diet on fetal growth and placental development and function and explore the possible mechanism of DF improving sow reproductive performance. A total of 16 Large White × Landrace crossbred gilts were randomly allotted to two groups and fed a semi-purified basal diet [non-fiber (NF) group, 0.1% total DF] or a basal diet supplemented with 8.33 g/kg inulin and 200 g/kg cellulose [Fiber (F) group] during the gestation period. On day 106 of gestation, five sows per group were chosen and slaughtered for sample collection. Results showed that DF supplementation during gestation increased the total fetal weight and placental weight on day 106 of gestation; elevated serum serotonin concentration; increased concentrations of serotonin and short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, and butyrate), as well as tryptophan hydroxylase 1 expression, in colon; elevated serotonin and progesterone concentrations and up-regulated the serotonin transporter, cytochrome P450 11A1, and insulin-like growth factor 2 expressions in the placenta. Besides, the sows in the F group had microbial community structures distinct from those in the NF group. Supplementation of DF in gestation diet increased the abundance that was positively correlated with colonic serotonin concentration, while significantly decreasing the abundance which was negatively correlated with colonic serotonin concentration. Above all, DF supplementation in the gestation diet could increase placental serotonin levels by promoting maternal serotonin synthesis in the colon and the transport from the mother to the placenta in sows, and then improve placental development and function, finally promoting fetal growth. Our findings provided insight into the mechanisms of DF improving sow reproductive performance.
本试验旨在研究妊娠日粮中添加膳食纤维（DF）对胎儿生长、胎盘发育及功能的影响，并探讨DF改善母猪繁殖性能的可能机制。选取16头大白×长白杂交后备母猪，随机分为两组，在妊娠期分别饲喂半纯化基础日粮（无纤维组，总DF含量0.1%）或添加8.33 g/kg菊粉和200 g/kg纤维素的基础日粮（纤维组）。妊娠106 d时，每组选取5头母猪屠宰取样。结果表明，妊娠期添加DF可增加妊娠106 d时的胎儿总重和胎盘重量；提高血清5-羟色胺浓度；增加结肠中5-羟色胺、短链脂肪酸（乙酸、丙酸和丁酸）浓度以及色氨酸羟化酶1表达；提高胎盘5-羟色胺和孕酮浓度，并上调胎盘5-羟色胺转运体、细胞色素P450 11A1和胰岛素样生长因子2表达。此外，纤维组母猪的微生物群落结构与无纤维组不同。妊娠日粮中添加DF增加了与结肠5-羟色胺浓度呈正相关的菌群丰度，同时显著降低了与结肠5-羟色胺浓度呈负相关的菌群丰度。综上所述，妊娠日粮中添加DF可通过促进母猪结肠中母体5-羟色胺合成及其从母体向胎盘的转运，提高胎盘5-羟色胺水平，进而改善胎盘发育和功能，最终促进胎儿生长。本研究结果为DF改善母猪繁殖性能的机制提供了见解。
