病原体在无生命物体表面的持久性：一篇综述
Persistence of Pathogens on Inanimate Surfaces: A Narrative Review.
作者信息
Wißmann Jan Erik, Kirchhoff Lisa, Brüggemann Yannick, Todt Daniel, Steinmann Joerg, Steinmann Eike
机构信息
Department for Molecular and Medical Virology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
出版信息
Microorganisms. 2021 Feb 9;9(2):343. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9020343.
For the prevention of infectious diseases, knowledge about transmission routes is essential. In addition to respiratory, fecal-oral, and sexual transmission, the transfer of pathogens via surfaces plays a vital role for human pathogenic infections-especially nosocomial pathogens. Therefore, information about the survival of pathogens on surfaces can have direct implications on clinical measures, including hygiene guidelines and disinfection strategies. In this review, we reviewed the existing literature regarding viral, bacterial, and fungal persistence on inanimate surfaces. In particular, the current knowledge of the survival time and conditions of clinically relevant pathogens is summarized. While many pathogens persist only for hours, common nosocomial pathogens can survive for days to weeks under laboratory conditions and thereby potentially form a continuous source of transmission if no adequate inactivation procedures are performed.
对于传染病的预防，了解传播途径至关重要。除了呼吸道传播、粪口传播和性传播外，病原体通过表面的转移对人类致病性感染（尤其是医院病原体）起着至关重要的作用。因此，关于病原体在表面存活的信息可能会对临床措施产生直接影响，包括卫生指南和消毒策略。在本综述中，我们回顾了关于病毒、细菌和真菌在无生命表面持久性的现有文献。特别总结了临床相关病原体存活时间和条件的当前知识。虽然许多病原体仅能存活数小时，但常见的医院病原体在实验室条件下可存活数天至数周，因此，如果不采取适当的灭活程序，可能会形成持续的传播源。
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