Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Medical Towers 621, 1717 11th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.
Nutrients. 2021 Jan 31;13(2):475. doi: 10.3390/nu13020475.
The objective of this study is to determine whether middle-aged adults prescribed a low carbohydrate-high fat (LCHF) or low fat (LF) diet would have greater loss of central fat and to determine whether the insulin resistance (IR) affects intervention response. A total of 50 participants (52.3 ± 10.7 years old; 36.6 ± 7.4 kg/m2 BMI; 82% female) were prescribed either a LCHF diet ( = 32, carbohydrate: protein: fat of 5%:30%:65% without calorie restriction), or LF diet ( = 18, 63%:13-23%: 10-25% with calorie restriction of total energy expenditure-500 kcal) for 15 weeks. Central and regional body composition changes from dual-x-ray absorptiometry and serum measures were compared using paired -tests and ANCOVA with paired contrasts. IR was defined as homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) > 2.6. Compared to the LF group, the LCHF group lost more android (15.6 ± 11.2% vs. 8.3 ± 8.1%, < 0.01) and visceral fat (18.5 ± 22.2% vs. 5.1 ± 15.8%, < 0.05). Those with IR lost more android and visceral fat on the LCHF verses LF group ( < 0.05). Therefore, the clinical prescription to a LCHF diet may be an optimal strategy to reduce disease risk in middle-aged adults, particularly those with IR.
本研究旨在确定接受低碳水化合物-高脂肪（LCHF）或低脂肪（LF）饮食处方的中年成年人的中心性脂肪减少是否更大，并确定胰岛素抵抗（IR）是否会影响干预反应。共有 50 名参与者（52.3 ± 10.7 岁；36.6 ± 7.4 kg/m2 BMI；82%为女性）被开处 LCHF 饮食（n = 32，碳水化合物：蛋白质：脂肪比例为 5%：30%：65%，不限制热量）或 LF 饮食（n = 18，63%：13-23%：10-25%，限制总能量消耗-500 卡路里），为期 15 周。使用配对 t 检验和配对对照的协方差分析比较双能 X 线吸收法和血清测量的中心和区域体成分变化。IR 定义为稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）> 2.6。与 LF 组相比，LCHF 组的躯干脂肪（15.6 ± 11.2% vs. 8.3 ± 8.1%，< 0.01）和内脏脂肪（18.5 ± 22.2% vs. 5.1 ± 15.8%，< 0.05）损失更多。IR 患者在 LCHF 与 LF 组之间损失的躯干和内脏脂肪更多（< 0.05）。因此，对中年成年人临床处方 LCHF 饮食可能是降低疾病风险的最佳策略，特别是对于 IR 患者。
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