Cipryan Lukas, Dostal Tomas, Litschmannova Martina, Hofmann Peter, Maffetone Philip B, Laursen Paul B
Department of Human Movement Studies & Human Motion Diagnostic Centre, The University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia.
Department of Applied Mathematics, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia.
Front Nutr. 2021 Dec 21;8:785694. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.785694. eCollection 2021.
This randomized controlled parallel-group study examined the effects of a very low-carbohydrate high-fat (VLCHF) diet and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program over 12 weeks on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) level in overfat individuals. Ninety-one participants were randomly allocated to the HIIT ( = 22), VLCHF ( = 25), VLCHF+HIIT ( = 25), or control ( = 19) groups for 12 weeks. Body composition and CRF were analyzed before the experimental period and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and graded exercise test (GXT) to volitional exhaustion were used for the body composition and CRF assessments, respectively. There were significant between-group differences in the VAT mass and body composition outcome changes. VAT mass decreased after 12 weeks only in the VLCHF and VLCHF+HIIT groups ( < 0.001, median [95% CI]: VLCHF: -142.0 [-187.0; -109.5] g; VLCHF+HIIT: -104.0 [-135.0; -71.0] g). Similarly, changes in body mass, total body fat, trunk fat mass, waist and hip circumferences were distinctly decreased in the VLCHF and VLCHF+HIIT groups, when compared to HIIT and Control groups. Total lean mass significantly decreased in the VLCHF and VLCHF+HIIT groups (-2.1 [-3.0; -1.6] kg and -2.5 [-3.6; -1.8] kg, respectively) after 12 weeks. While the HIIT program significantly increased total time to exhaustion in the GXT, peak oxygen uptake was unchanged. A VLCHF diet, either in isolation or in combination with HIIT, was shown to induce a significant reduction in VAT mass and body composition variables. HIIT alone did not cause such effects on body composition, but improved exercise capacity. Our findings indicate that the VLCHF diet and exercise training provoked different and isolated effects on body composition and CRF. : https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03934476, identifier: NCT03934476.
这项随机对照平行组研究考察了极低碳水化合物高脂肪（VLCHF）饮食和高强度间歇训练（HIIT）计划在12周内对超重个体内脏脂肪组织（VAT）和心肺适能（CRF）水平的影响。91名参与者被随机分配到HIIT组（n = 22）、VLCHF组（n = 25）、VLCHF + HIIT组（n = 25）或对照组（n = 19），为期12周。在实验期开始前以及4周、8周和12周后对身体成分和CRF进行分析。分别使用双能X线吸收法（DXA）和渐增负荷运动试验（GXT）至自愿力竭来评估身体成分和CRF。VAT质量和身体成分结果变化存在显著的组间差异。仅在VLCHF组和VLCHF + HIIT组中，VAT质量在12周后下降（P < 0.001，中位数[95% CI]：VLCHF组：-142.0 [-187.0；-109.5] g；VLCHF + HIIT组：-104.0 [-135.0；-71.0] g）。同样，与HIIT组和对照组相比，VLCHF组和VLCHF + HIIT组的体重、全身脂肪、躯干脂肪质量、腰围和臀围变化明显降低。12周后，VLCHF组和VLCHF + HIIT组的总瘦体重显著下降（分别为-2.1 [-3.0；-1.6] kg和-2.5 [-3.6；-1.8] kg）。虽然HIIT计划显著增加了GXT中的总力竭时间，但峰值摄氧量没有变化。单独的VLCHF饮食或与HIIT联合使用，均显示出能显著降低VAT质量和身体成分变量。单独的HIIT对身体成分没有这种影响，但改善了运动能力。我们的研究结果表明，VLCHF饮食和运动训练对身体成分和CRF产生了不同且独立的影响。试验注册：https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03934476，标识符：NCT03934476。
