Bachmann Martin, Michel Sebastian, Greef Jörg Michael, Zeyner Annette
Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kühn Institute, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Jan 29;11(2):341. doi: 10.3390/ani11020341.
Dietary fibers may have positive impact on health and wellbeing of pigs. The study examined physicochemical properties of two lignocelluloses (including and excluding bark), powdered cellulose, mycelium, lucerne chaff, soybean shells, wheat bran, and sugar beet pulp in relation to fermentability and digestibility using in vitro batch-culture incubation. Maize starch and a purified cellulose were used as standardized substrates for classification of the test substrates. The substrates covered a wide range regarding their physicochemical properties. Swelling capacity (SC) was 9-411%, water binding capacity (WBC) was 4.4-14.3 g/g dry matter (DM), and water holding capacity (WHC) was 4.1-10.6 g/g DM. Gas production and other fermentation parameters-namely post-incubation pH, CH, NH, and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentrations-revealed a significant fermentation of sugar beet pulp, soybean shells, lucerne chaff, wheat bran, mycelium, and powdered cellulose, whereas the lignocelluloses were not fermented. Significant correlations were found between the physicochemical properties and the fermentation parameters ( < 0.05). Enzymatic pre-digestion mostly reduced gas, NH, and SCFA production. In vitro digestibility of DM (IVDMD) and organic matter (IVOMD) was mostly negligible after enzymatic pre-digestion. Fermentation alone led to only 0.10-0.15 IVDMD and 0.14-0.15 IVOMD in lignocelluloses and powdered cellulose, respectively, but 0.44-0.37 IVDMD and 0.46-0.38 IVOMD in the remainder of substrates ( < 0.05). In vitro digestibility was again correlated with the physicochemical properties of the substrates and the fermentation parameters ( < 0.05). The fiber preparations and fiber-rich byproducts were fermented to a relevant extent. In contrast, lignocelluloses were not fermented and can be used rather as bulk material.
膳食纤维可能对猪的健康和福祉产生积极影响。本研究使用体外批次培养法，研究了两种木质纤维素（包括树皮和不包括树皮）、粉状纤维素、菌丝体、苜蓿草粉、大豆壳、麦麸和甜菜粕的物理化学性质与发酵性和消化率的关系。玉米淀粉和一种纯化纤维素用作测试底物分类的标准底物。这些底物在物理化学性质方面涵盖范围广泛。膨胀能力（SC）为9 - 411%，水结合能力（WBC）为4.4 - 14.3克/克干物质（DM），持水能力（WHC）为4.1 - 10.6克/克DM。产气及其他发酵参数，即培养后pH值、CH、NH以及短链脂肪酸（SCFA）浓度，显示甜菜粕、大豆壳、苜蓿草粉、麦麸、菌丝体和粉状纤维素有显著发酵，而木质纤维素未发酵。物理化学性质与发酵参数之间存在显著相关性（P < 0.05）。酶预处理大多降低了气体、NH和SCFA的产生。酶预处理后，干物质（IVDMD）和有机物（IVOMD）的体外消化率大多可忽略不计。单独发酵时，木质纤维素和粉状纤维素的IVDMD分别仅为0.10 - 0.15，IVOMD分别为0.14 - 0.15，但其余底物的IVDMD为0.44 - 0.37，IVOMD为0.46 - 0.38（P < 0.05）。体外消化率再次与底物的物理化学性质和发酵参数相关（P < 0.05）。纤维制剂和富含纤维的副产品有一定程度的发酵。相比之下，木质纤维素未发酵，可更多用作填充材料。
