Sui Yongjun, Bekele Yonas, Berzofsky Jay A
Vaccine Branch, Center of for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Pathogens. 2021 Jan 30;10(2):138. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10020138.
Both SARS-CoV-2 infections and vaccines induce robust immune responses. Current data suggested that high neutralizing antibody titers with sustained Th1 responses might correlate with protection against viral transmission and disease development and severity. In addition, genetic and innate immune factors, including higher levels of type I interferons, as well as the induction of trained immunity and local mucosal immunity also contribute to lower risk of infection and amelioration of disease severity. The identification of immune correlates of protection will facilitate the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics strategies.
新型冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）感染和疫苗均可诱导强烈的免疫反应。目前的数据表明，具有持续Th1反应的高中和抗体滴度可能与预防病毒传播、疾病发展及严重程度相关。此外，遗传和先天免疫因素，包括较高水平的I型干扰素，以及训练有素的免疫和局部黏膜免疫的诱导，也有助于降低感染风险和减轻疾病严重程度。确定保护性免疫相关因素将有助于开发有效的疫苗和治疗策略。
