Nahar Yeasmin, Thickett Stuart C
School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Jan 30;13(3):447. doi: 10.3390/polym13030447.
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) represent an emergent class of green designer solvents that find numerous applications in different aspects of chemical synthesis. A particularly appealing aspect of DES systems is their simplicity of preparation, combined with inexpensive, readily available starting materials to yield solvents with appealing properties (negligible volatility, non-flammability and high solvation capacity). In the context of polymer science, DES systems not only offer an appealing route towards replacing hazardous volatile organic solvents (VOCs), but can serve multiple roles including those of solvent, monomer and templating agent-so called "polymerizable eutectics." In this review, we look at DES systems and polymerizable eutectics and their application in polymer materials synthesis, including various mechanisms of polymer formation, hydrogel design, porous monoliths, and molecularly imprinted polymers. We provide a comparative study of these systems alongside traditional synthetic approaches, highlighting not only the benefit of replacing VOCs from the perspective of environmental sustainability, but also the materials advantage with respect to mechanical and thermal properties of the polymers formed.
深共熔溶剂（DESs）是一类新兴的绿色定制溶剂，在化学合成的不同方面有众多应用。DES体系一个特别吸引人的方面是其制备简单，再加上起始材料价格低廉、易于获得，从而能得到具有吸引人特性（挥发性可忽略不计、不可燃且溶剂化能力高）的溶剂。在聚合物科学领域，DES体系不仅为替代有害挥发性有机溶剂（VOCs）提供了一条有吸引力的途径，还能发挥多种作用，包括作为溶剂、单体和模板剂，即所谓的“可聚合共熔物”。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了DES体系和可聚合共熔物及其在聚合物材料合成中的应用，包括聚合物形成的各种机制、水凝胶设计、多孔整体材料以及分子印迹聚合物。我们将这些体系与传统合成方法进行了比较研究，不仅从环境可持续性的角度突出了替代VOCs的益处，还强调了所形成聚合物在机械和热性能方面的材料优势。
