Exercise & Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, United States.
Department of Psychology; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Percept Mot Skills. 2021 Jun;128(3):1215-1234. doi: 10.1177/0031512521993706. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
This study evaluated whether the timing of acute exercise can attenuate a memory interference effect. Across two experiments, participants completed an AB/AC memory task. Participants studied eight word pairs; four denoted AB (e.g., Hero - Apple) and four control (DE) pairs. Following this List 1, participants studied eight additional word pairs (List 2); four denoted AC, re-using words from the AB pairs (e.g., Hero - Project) and four control (FG) pairs. Following their study of both lists, participants completed a cued recall assessment. In Experiment 1 (N = 100), an acute exercise bout occurred before the AB/AC memory interference task, and the participants' three lab visits (successive conditions) were control, moderate-intensity (50% HRR; heart rate reserve) exercise, and vigorous-intensity (80% HRR) exercise. In Experiment 2 (N = 68), the acute exercise occurred between List 1 and List 2, and the participants' two lab visits (successive conditions) were a (80% HRR) vigorous-intensity exercise visit and a control visit. Across both experiments, we observed evidence of both proactive and retroactive interference ( < .05), but acute exercise, regardless of intensity, did not attenuate this interference ( > .05). Acute moderate-intensity exercise was better than control or vigorous-intensity exercise in enhancing associative memory ( < .05), independent of interference. In Experiment 2, vigorous intensity exercise was associated with more pronounced interference ( < .05). Our results suggest that acute exercise can enhance associative memory performance, with no attenuation of interference by exercise.
本研究评估了急性运动的时间是否可以减轻记忆干扰效应。在两项实验中，参与者完成了 AB/AC 记忆任务。参与者学习了八对单词；四对表示 AB（例如，Hero-Apple），四对控制（DE）对。在学习了 List1 之后，参与者学习了另外八对单词（List2）；四对表示 AC，重新使用了 AB 对中的单词（例如，Hero-Project）和四对控制（FG）对。在学习了这两个列表之后，参与者完成了提示回忆评估。在实验 1（N=100）中，急性运动在 AB/AC 记忆干扰任务之前进行，参与者的三次实验室访问（连续条件）为控制、中等强度（50% HRR；心率储备）运动和剧烈强度（80% HRR）运动。在实验 2（N=68）中，急性运动发生在 List1 和 List2 之间，参与者的两次实验室访问（连续条件）为剧烈强度（80% HRR）运动访问和控制访问。在两项实验中，我们都观察到了前摄和后摄干扰的证据（<0.05），但急性运动，无论强度如何，都没有减轻这种干扰（>0.05）。急性中等强度运动比控制或剧烈强度运动更能增强联想记忆（<0.05），而与干扰无关。在实验 2 中，剧烈强度运动与更明显的干扰相关（<0.05）。我们的结果表明，急性运动可以提高联想记忆表现，而运动对干扰没有减弱作用。
