Terafar - Izmir Katip Celebi University Teratology Information, Training and Research Center, Izmir, Turkey.
University of Health Sciences, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Teratology Information Center, Izmir, Turkey.
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2021;19(11):1805-1824. doi: 10.2174/1570159X19666210211150856.
It is challenging to balance the fetal risks associated with the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) against maternal and fetal risks of seizure worsening, and therefore it is very important to define and distinguish the possible risks entailed by different AEDs. This paper aims to undertake a comprehensive review regarding the possible risks of four classical (phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, and valproate) and two newer (lamotrigine and levetiracetam) AEDs during pregnancy. The review focuses on major and organ-specific malformations, dose-dependent risks, mono vs polytherapy, and clinical pharmacokinetics. A discussion regarding the safety of AED use during breastfeeding is also provided.
在权衡抗癫痫药物(AEDs)使用相关的胎儿风险与癫痫恶化对母体和胎儿的风险时,这极具挑战性,因此,明确并区分不同 AEDs 可能带来的风险非常重要。本文旨在全面综述四种经典(苯妥英、卡马西平、苯巴比妥和丙戊酸)和两种较新(拉莫三嗪和左乙拉西坦)AEDs 在妊娠期间可能存在的风险。综述重点关注主要畸形和特定器官畸形、剂量依赖性风险、单药治疗与联合治疗,以及临床药代动力学。本文还对 AED 在哺乳期使用的安全性进行了讨论。