Morganti Stefania, Curigliano Giuseppe
Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Ripamonti n.435, 20141, Milan, Italy.
Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono n. 7, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Ecancermedicalscience. 2020 Dec 3;14:1148. doi: 10.3332/ecancer.2020.1148. eCollection 2020.
The advent of immunotherapy for cancer represented a paradigm shift in the treatment approach of neoplasia. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were demonstrated to significantly improve outcomes, including overall survival across several cancer types, with yearly-durable responses. Nevertheless, many patients derive minor or no benefit with immune checkpoint (IC)-blockade, including patients with cancer types traditionally considered immunogenic. Combination strategies of ICIs with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapies or other immunotherapy compounds have been conceived in order to boost the immune-responses and potentially overcome resistance to ICIs. This review focuses on mechanisms underlying resistance to IC-blockade and provides an overview of potential advantages and limitations of combination strategies currently under investigation.
癌症免疫疗法的出现代表了肿瘤治疗方法的范式转变。免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）已被证明能显著改善治疗结果，包括在多种癌症类型中的总生存期，并产生持久的应答。然而，许多患者对免疫检查点（IC）阻断治疗获益甚微或无获益，包括传统上被认为具有免疫原性的癌症类型患者。为了增强免疫反应并可能克服对ICIs的耐药性，人们设想了ICIs与化疗、放疗、靶向治疗或其他免疫治疗化合物的联合策略。本综述重点关注IC阻断耐药的潜在机制，并概述了目前正在研究的联合策略的潜在优势和局限性。
