Tamworth Agricultural Institute, NSW DPI, Calala, New South Wales, Australia.
Centre for Bioinformatics and Biometrics, National Institute for Applied Statistics Research Australia, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
PLoS One. 2021 Feb 12;16(2):e0240766. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240766. eCollection 2021.
Tolerance to the cereal disease Fusarium crown rot (FCR) was investigated in a set of 34 durum wheat genotypes, with Suntop, (bread wheat) and EGA Bellaroi (durum) as tolerant and intolerant controls, in a series of replicated field trials over four years with inoculated (FCR-i) and non-inoculated (FCR-n) plots of the genotypes. The genotypes included conventional durum lines and lines derived from crossing durum with 2-49, a bread wheat genotype with the highest level of partial resistance to FCR. A split plot trial design was chosen to optimize the efficiency for the prediction of FCR tolerance for each genotype. A multi-environment trial (MET) analysis was undertaken which indicated that there was good repeatability of FCR tolerance across years. Based on an FCR tolerance index, Suntop was the most tolerant genotype and EGA Bellaroi was very intolerant, but some durum wheats had FCR tolerance indices which were comparable to Suntop. These included some conventional durum genotypes, V101030, TD1702, V11TD013*3X-63 and DBA Bindaroi, as well as genotypes from crosses with 2-49 (V114916 and V114942). The correlation between FCR tolerance and FCR-n yield predictions was moderately negative indicating it could be somewhat difficult to develop FCR-tolerant genotypes that are high yielding under low disease pressure. However, FCR tolerance showed a positive correlation with FCR-i yield predictions in seasons of high disease expression indicating it could be possible to screen for FCR tolerance using only FCR-i treatments. These results are the first demonstration of genetic diversity in durum germplasm for FCR tolerance and they provide a basis for breeding for this trait.
对 34 个硬质小麦基因型进行了一系列田间试验，其中包括 1 个面包小麦品种 Suntop 和 1 个硬质小麦品种 EGA Bellaroi 作为耐病对照和非耐病对照，采用接种和未接种（FCR-i 和 FCR-n）的方法，研究了硬质小麦品种对镰刀菌冠腐病（FCR）的抗性。这些基因型包括传统的硬质小麦品种和由硬质小麦与 2-49 杂交衍生的品种，2-49 是一个具有最高水平部分抗 FCR 能力的面包小麦品种。选择裂区试验设计，以优化对每个基因型的 FCR 耐病性的预测效率。进行了多环境试验（MET）分析，结果表明 FCR 耐病性在多年间具有良好的可重复性。根据 FCR 耐病指数，Suntop 是最耐病的基因型，EGA Bellaroi 非常不耐病，但一些硬质小麦品种的 FCR 耐病指数与 Suntop 相当。这些品种包括一些传统的硬质小麦品种 V101030、TD1702、V11TD013*3X-63 和 DBA Bindaroi，以及与 2-49 杂交的品种 V114916 和 V114942。FCR 耐病性与 FCR-n 产量预测之间的相关性为中度负相关，这表明在低病害压力下开发高产 FCR 耐病品种可能有些困难。然而，在病害表现较高的季节，FCR 耐病性与 FCR-i 产量预测呈正相关，这表明仅使用 FCR-i 处理即可筛选 FCR 耐病性。这些结果首次证明了硬质小麦种质资源对 FCR 耐病性的遗传多样性，并为该性状的育种提供了基础。
