Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Apr;84(4):965-976. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.07.059. Epub 2021 Feb 9.
Preservatives are often necessary components of commercial products. Large-scale North American studies on preservative allergy are limited.
To evaluate demographics, positive patch test reactions (PPTRs), clinical relevance, and trends for preservatives tested by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group.
We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch testing results of preservatives from 1994 through 2016.
A total of 50,799 patients were tested; 11,338 (22.3%) had a PPTR to at least 1 preservative. The most frequent reactions were to methylisothiazolinone 0.2% aqueous (aq) (12.2%), formaldehyde 2% aq (7.8%), formaldehyde 1% aq (7.8%), quaternium-15 2% petrolatum (pet) (7.7%), and methyldibromo glutaronitrile/phenoxyethanol 2% pet (5.1%). Paraben mix 12% pet (1%), iodopropynyl butylcarbamate 0.1% pet (0.4%), benzyl alcohol 1% pet (0.3%), and phenoxyethanol 1% pet (0.2%) had the lowest PPTRs. Linear regression analysis of preservatives tested showed that only methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone 0.01% aq (parameter estimate, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.17-0.66; P < .005) had a significant increase in PPTRs over time.
Collected variables are dependent on clinical judgment. Results may be prone to referral selection bias.
This large North American study provides insight on preservative PPTRs and trends from 1994 through 2016.
防腐剂通常是商业产品的必要成分。关于防腐剂过敏的大规模北美研究有限。
评估北美接触性皮炎组织进行的防腐剂斑贴试验的人口统计学、阳性斑贴试验反应 (PPTR)、临床相关性和趋势。
我们对 1994 年至 2016 年期间北美接触性皮炎组织的防腐剂斑贴试验结果进行了回顾性横断面分析。
共有 50799 名患者接受了测试；11338 名（22.3%）至少对 1 种防腐剂有 PPTR。最常见的反应是对甲基异噻唑啉酮 0.2%水性（aq）（12.2%）、甲醛 2% aq（7.8%）、甲醛 1% aq（7.8%）、季铵盐-15 2%凡士林（pet）（7.7%）和甲基二溴戊二腈/苯氧乙醇 2% pet（5.1%）。对羟基苯甲酸酯混合物 12% pet（1%）、碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯 0.1% pet（0.4%）、苯甲醇 1% pet（0.3%）和苯氧乙醇 1% pet（0.2%）的 PPTR 最低。对测试的防腐剂进行线性回归分析显示，只有甲基氯异噻唑啉酮/甲基异噻唑啉酮 0.01% aq（参数估计值 0.42；95%置信区间 0.17-0.66；P<.005）的 PPTR 随时间显著增加。
收集的变量取决于临床判断。结果可能容易受到转诊选择偏倚的影响。
这项大型的北美研究提供了 1994 年至 2016 年期间关于防腐剂 PPTR 和趋势的见解。
