Knop M, Alelq N, Kubieniec M E, Giehl K
Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Klinikum der Universität München LMU, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland.
Hautarzt. 2021 Mar;72(3):215-224. doi: 10.1007/s00105-021-04765-w. Epub 2021 Feb 12.
Dermatoses of the hands and feet cover a wide range of skin diseases that can occur in children and adolescents and are a frequent question in dermatological practice. Our synopsis of the most important differential diagnoses and their treatment is intended to provide better orientation for daily practice. A precise and detailed history is essential to establish a diagnosis, followed by clinical examination and specific examination methods. Cutaneous infection should always be excluded, as they occur very frequently. Impetigo, punctate keratolysis, blistering distal dactylitis, tinea manuum and pedum, hand-foot-mouth disease, herpes simplex digitalis and verrucae vulgaris as well as scabies are often found in the palmoplantar area and typically affect children and adolescents. In case of allergic contact dermatitis and dyshidrotic eczema, atopic diathesis in the medical history is of importance. However, we must not miss rare causes. Palmoplantar keratoses, for example, can be due to inflammatory dermatoses like pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) or may, as well as blistering diseases, result from hereditary disorders. Specialised centers can perform molecular genetic diagnosis and enhance patient care.
手足皮肤病涵盖了一系列可发生于儿童和青少年的皮肤疾病，是皮肤科临床实践中常见的问题。我们对最重要的鉴别诊断及其治疗方法的概述旨在为日常实践提供更好的指导。准确而详细的病史对于确立诊断至关重要，随后进行临床检查和特定的检查方法。皮肤感染应始终排除在外，因为它们非常常见。脓疱疮、点状掌跖角皮病、水疱性远端指炎、手癣和足癣、手足口病、单纯疱疹性指炎、寻常疣以及疥疮常在掌跖部位出现，且典型地影响儿童和青少年。对于过敏性接触性皮炎和汗疱疹样湿疹，病史中的特应性素质很重要。然而，我们绝不能遗漏罕见病因。例如，掌跖角化病可能由炎症性皮肤病如红皮病型银屑病（PRP）引起，也可能与水疱性疾病一样，由遗传性疾病导致。专业中心可以进行分子遗传学诊断并改善患者护理。
