Ovunc Sinem S, Yolcu Musa B, Emre Senol, Elicevik Mehmet, Celayir Sinan
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, TUR.
Cureus. 2021 Jan 12;13(1):e12647. doi: 10.7759/cureus.12647.
Principles of modern surgical education for clerkship and residency were established by the novel approaches of Sir William Osler, MD, Flexner report, and Halsted's principles. The evaluation of surgical education has continued to benefit from the wisdom of the past by harnessing technologies. Rapidly changing and improving the nature of the surgery fostered that evaluation and enforced the institutions to find new solutions for surgical education. In the present descriptive technical report, our aim was threefold: (1) to share acquired educational materials based on immersive technologies involving 3D-printing, Augmented Reality (AR), and 360-degree video recording to improve ongoing pediatric surgery student training at our faculty, (2) to describe workflow underlying the construction of the materials, and (3) to provide approaches that may help other students and lecturers to develop their educational materials. The educational materials, including 3D-printed models, AR hybrid student book, a hydrogel-based simulation model of the kidney, and Mirror World Simulation, were constructed. The authors, who are medical students, led the construction of the educational materials, so the educational materials were shaped by a collaboration between students and pediatric surgeons. The materials constructed enabled the students to practice surgical procedures and experience different surgical environments. We believe these educational materials can serve as a valuable resource for training in many medical specialties in the future. This work was presented at the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Quality and Safety Conference Virtual, August 21-24, 2020.
现代外科实习和住院医师培训的教育原则是由医学博士威廉·奥斯勒爵士的新颖方法、弗莱克斯纳报告以及霍尔斯特德原则确立的。外科教育评估通过利用技术，持续从过去的智慧中受益。外科性质的快速变化和改进推动了这种评估，并迫使各机构为外科教育寻找新的解决方案。在这份描述性技术报告中，我们的目标有三个：（1）分享基于沉浸式技术（包括3D打印、增强现实（AR）和360度视频录制）获取的教育材料，以改进我校正在进行的儿科外科学生培训；（2）描述材料构建的基础工作流程；（3）提供可能有助于其他学生和讲师开发其教育材料的方法。构建了包括3D打印模型、AR混合学生手册、基于水凝胶的肾脏模拟模型和镜像世界模拟在内的教育材料。作为医学生的作者主导了教育材料的构建，因此教育材料是学生与儿科外科医生合作的成果。构建的材料使学生能够练习外科手术并体验不同的手术环境。我们相信这些教育材料在未来可作为许多医学专业培训的宝贵资源。这项工作于2020年8月21日至24日在美国外科医师学会（ACS）质量与安全虚拟会议上展示。
