Deb Paroma, Molla Md Maruf Ahmed, Saif-Ur-Rahman K M
Department of Virology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
Department of Virology, National Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Referral Center, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
Biosaf Health. 2021 Apr;3(2):87-91. doi: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2021.02.001. Epub 2021 Feb 10.
With the number of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases soaring worldwide and limited vaccine availability for the general population in most countries, the monoclonal antibody (mAb) remains a viable therapeutic option to treat COVID-19 disease and its complications, especially in the elderly individuals. More than 50 monoclonal antibody-related clinical trials are being conducted in different countries around the world, with few of them nearing the completion of the third and fourth phase clinical trial. In view of recent emergency use authorization (EUA) from the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) of casirivimab and imdevimab, it is of importance that mAbs, already used to treat diseases such as Ebola and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, are discussed in scientific communities. This brief review discusses the mechanism of action and updates to clinical trials of different monoclonal antibodies used to treat COVID-19, with special attention paid to SARS-CoV-2 immune response in host cells, target viral structures, and justification of developing mAbs following the approval and administration of potential effective vaccine among vulnerable populations in different countries.
随着2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）病例在全球范围内激增，且大多数国家普通人群的疫苗供应有限，单克隆抗体（mAb）仍然是治疗COVID-19疾病及其并发症的一种可行治疗选择，尤其是在老年人中。全球不同国家正在进行50多项与单克隆抗体相关的临床试验，其中很少有接近完成三期和四期临床试验的。鉴于美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）最近对卡西瑞单抗和依德维单抗的紧急使用授权（EUA），科学界对已用于治疗埃博拉和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染等疾病的单克隆抗体进行讨论具有重要意义。本简要综述讨论了用于治疗COVID-19的不同单克隆抗体的作用机制及临床试验进展，特别关注宿主细胞中的SARS-CoV-2免疫反应、靶向病毒结构，以及在不同国家的脆弱人群中批准和接种潜在有效疫苗后开发单克隆抗体的理由。
