MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD, USA -
MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2021 Dec;61(12):1700-1705. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.21.11903-6. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
Our objective was to determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of conventional cardiovascular risk factors among ultra-endurance marathon runners.
An electronic internet survey to characterize modifiable cardiovascular risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, tobacco exposure and obesity (BMI>30) among competitive ultra-endurance runners.
Among 290 respondents (mean±SD, 42±11 years, 31.4% female), 106 (36.6%) had at least one established cardiovascular risk factor. Female sex, younger age and participation in competitive high school or collegiate sports were associated with freedom from cardiovascular risk factors. There were no significant associations between risk factor status and either hours per week of running training (risk factor negative: 10±7 vs. risk factor positive: 11±8 hours, P=0.42) or years of ultra-endurance competition (6±8 vs. 7±9 years, P=0.38). Runners with at least one cardiovascular risk factor were more likely to have had personal or peer concerns about excessive alcohol use.
Conventional cardiovascular risk factors are common among ultra-endurance runners. Early-life participation in competitive sports, rather than adult exercise habits, is associated with freedom from the development of cardiovascular risk factors during middle age. Determining mechanistic explanations for the legacy effect of early life exercise as a means to reduce cardiovascular risk among aging athletes represents an important area of future work.
我们的目的是确定超长跑运动员中常见心血管危险因素的流行情况和临床相关性。
采用电子互联网调查的方法，对包括糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常、吸烟和肥胖（BMI>30）在内的可改变心血管危险因素进行特征描述，研究对象为竞技性超长跑运动员。
在 290 名受访者中（平均年龄±标准差，42±11 岁，31.4%为女性），106 名（36.6%）至少存在一种已确立的心血管危险因素。女性、年轻和参加竞争性高中或大学运动与无心血管危险因素有关。每周跑步训练时间（无心血管危险因素：10±7 小时；有心血管危险因素：11±8 小时，P=0.42）或超长跑比赛年限（无心血管危险因素：6±8 年；有心血管危险因素：7±9 年，P=0.38）与风险因素状况之间无显著相关性。至少存在一种心血管危险因素的跑步者更有可能对过度饮酒有个人或同伴担忧。
常见心血管危险因素在超长跑运动员中很常见。在中年时期，与成年运动习惯相比，年轻时参加竞技性运动与无心血管危险因素的发生有关。确定早期运动作为减少老年运动员心血管风险的机制解释，是未来工作的一个重要领域。
