Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Netherlands.
Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Netherlands; School Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Groningen, Netherlands; Interdisciplinary Centre for Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, Netherlands.
J Anxiety Disord. 2021 Mar;78:102357. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102357. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between social anxiety and affective (AE) and cognitive empathy (CE).
1442 studies from PsycINFO, Medline, and EMBASE (inception-January 2020) were systematically reviewed. Included studies (N = 48) either predicted variance in empathy using social anxiety scores or compared empathy scores between socially anxious individuals and a control group.
Social anxiety and AE were statistically significantly positively associated, k = 14, r = .103 (95%CI [.003, .203]), z = 2.03, p = .043. Sex (Q (2) = 18.79, p < .0001), and type of measures (Q (1 = 7.34, p = .007) moderated the association. Correlations were significant for male samples (r = .316, (95%CI [.200, .432])) and studies using self-report measures (r = .162 (95%CI [.070, .254])). Overall, social anxiety and CE were not significantly associated, k = 52, r =-.021 (95%CI [-.075, .034]), z= -0.74, p = .459. Sample type moderated the association (Q (1) = 5.03, p < .0001). For clinical samples the association was negative (r= -.112, (95%CI [-.201, -.017]).
There was evidence for a positive association between social anxiety and AE, but future studies are needed to verify the moderating roles of sex and type of measure. Besides, low CE might only hold for patients with SAD.
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在阐明社交焦虑与情感（AE）和认知同理心（CE）之间的关系。
系统检索了 PsycINFO、Medline 和 EMBASE 中的 1442 项研究（从创建到 2020 年 1 月）。纳入的研究（N=48）要么使用社交焦虑评分预测同理心的方差，要么比较社交焦虑个体与对照组之间的同理心评分。
社交焦虑与 AE 呈显著正相关，k=14，r=.103（95%CI [.003，.203]），z=2.03，p=.043。性别（Q（2）=18.79，p<.0001）和测量类型（Q（1）=7.34，p=.007）调节了相关性。男性样本（r=.316，95%CI [.200，.432]）和使用自我报告测量的研究（r=.162，95%CI [.070，.254]）的相关性显著。总体而言，社交焦虑与 CE 无显著相关性，k=52，r=-.021（95%CI [-.075，.034]），z=-.74，p=.459。样本类型调节了相关性（Q（1）=5.03，p<.0001）。对于临床样本，相关性为负（r=-.112，95%CI [-.201，-.017]）。
有证据表明社交焦虑与 AE 之间存在正相关，但需要进一步研究来验证性别和测量类型的调节作用。此外，低 CE 可能仅适用于 SAD 患者。
