Jecker Nancy S, Wightman Aaron G, Diekema Douglas S
University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Bioethics and Humanities, Seattle, Washington, USA
Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric BIoethics, Seattle, Washington, USA.
J Med Ethics. 2021 Feb 16. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2020-107036.
This paper addresses the just distribution of vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus and sets forth an ethical framework that prioritises frontline and essential workers, people at high risk of severe disease or death, and people at high risk of infection. Section I makes the case that vaccine distribution should occur at a global level in order to accelerate development and fair, efficient vaccine allocation. Section II puts forth ethical values to guide vaccine distribution including helping people with the greatest need, reducing health disparity, saving the most lives and promoting narrow social utility. It also responds to objections which claim that earlier years have more value than later years. Section III puts forth a practical ethical framework to aid decision-makers and compares it with alternatives.
本文探讨了针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒疫苗的公正分配问题，并提出了一个伦理框架，该框架优先考虑一线和关键岗位工作者、重症或死亡高风险人群以及高感染风险人群。第一部分阐述了疫苗分配应在全球层面进行，以加速疫苗研发以及公平、高效地分配疫苗。第二部分提出了指导疫苗分配的伦理价值观，包括帮助最有需求的人群、减少健康差距、挽救更多生命以及促进狭义的社会效用。它还回应了认为早年比晚年更有价值的反对意见。第三部分提出了一个实用的伦理框架，以帮助决策者，并将其与其他方案进行比较。
