Tekalegn Yohannes, Bekele Kebebe, Sahiledengle Biniyam, Woldeyohannes Demelash
Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Bale Robe, Ethiopia.
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Bale Robe, Ethiopia.
Glob Adv Health Med. 2021 Jan 28;10:2164956120988660. doi: 10.1177/2164956120988660. eCollection 2021.
Iodine deficiency is a major public health concern throughout the world. Goiter is the most visible sign of iodine deficiency. In Ethiopia, a study finding regarding the prevalence of goiter among school-age children is inconsistent and highly variable.
To estimate the pooled prevalence of goiter among school-age children in Ethiopia.
Three international databases (MEDLINE/Pub-Med, Google Scholar and Science Direct) were systematically searched. Besides, the reference sections of identified articles were searched to increase the chance of detecting missed articles in gray literature. STATA Version 14 statistical software was used to conduct a meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval was displayed using the forest plot. A random-effect meta-analysis model was used to compute the pooled prevalence, and The Cochrane Q test statistics and I test were used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies.
A total of 14 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and included in this systematic review and Meta-analysis, with a total sample size of 26,282. The finding of this systematic review revealed that the pooled prevalence of goiter among school-age children was 42.9% (95% CI: 38.8-46.9). The highest prevalence of goiter (46.7%) was observed in Oromia region and the lowest (26.3%) was observed in Benishangul-Gumuz region.
This review finding revealed that more than two in five of the school children in Ethiopia suffer from iodine deficiency disorder as manifested by the goiter rate.
碘缺乏是全球主要的公共卫生问题。甲状腺肿是碘缺乏最明显的迹象。在埃塞俄比亚，关于学龄儿童甲状腺肿患病率的研究结果并不一致且差异很大。
估计埃塞俄比亚学龄儿童甲状腺肿的合并患病率。
系统检索了三个国际数据库（MEDLINE/Pub-Med、谷歌学术和科学Direct）。此外，还检索了已识别文章的参考文献部分，以增加发现灰色文献中遗漏文章的机会。使用STATA 14版统计软件进行荟萃分析。采用森林图展示合并患病率及95%置信区间。采用随机效应荟萃分析模型计算合并患病率，并使用Cochrane Q检验统计量和I²检验评估研究的异质性。
共有14项研究符合纳入标准，纳入本系统评价和荟萃分析，总样本量为26282。本系统评价的结果显示，学龄儿童甲状腺肿的合并患病率为42.9%（95%CI：38.8 - 46.9）。甲状腺肿患病率最高（46.7%）的是奥罗米亚地区，最低（26.3%）的是本尚古勒-古穆兹地区。
本综述结果显示，埃塞俄比亚超过五分之二的学龄儿童患有碘缺乏症，甲状腺肿率即表明了这一点。
