Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Faculty of Nursing, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
J Adv Nurs. 2021 Jul;77(7):2971-2994. doi: 10.1111/jan.14784. Epub 2021 Feb 17.
To critically review and synthesize empirical studies on childhood cancer survivors' experiences and needs on returning to school after treatment.
A mixed-method systematic review.
A search of CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, MEDLINE, ERIC and Web of Science was conducted for studies published in English, Spanish and Portuguese languages between January 2010 and May 2020.
Twenty-one studies were eligible for inclusion (13 qualitative studies, 6 quantitative and 2 mixed-method studies). The quality of the studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings were synthesized using data-based convergent synthesis design.
Findings were synthesized under four themes: academic continuity and school re-entry; physical and psychological well-being; school life and participation and stakeholders' responses to childhood cancer. Findings indicated that prolonged/recurring absences, physical and mental changes, personal/health factors impacted children's social participation, peer relationships and school re-integration. Factors which contributed to a more positive experience included maintaining contact with peers and teachers throughout treatment, peer relationships, understanding and support from school community. Sharing information about cancer was an ongoing challenging issue for children, that needed to be handled sensitively.
It is evident that re-entry to school was very challenging for most children due to treatment side effects, prolonged absences, disrupted peer relationships, lack of preparation and lack of communication between schools, families and healthcare professionals.
Despite the growing number of childhood cancer survivors worldwide, there is a deficit of studies about children's re-entry experiences and educational needs. This review illustrates the considerable challenges that children face on school re-entry and the critical importance of better care, support and collaboration from healthcare professionals, parents and school personnel. Nurses could help by raising awareness and leading on preparation for school re-entry.
批判性地回顾和综合关于癌症儿童治疗后重返学校的经历和需求的实证研究。
混合方法系统评价。
对 CINAHL、PsycINFO、EMBASE、MEDLINE、ERIC 和 Web of Science 进行了搜索，以查找 2010 年 1 月至 2020 年 5 月期间以英文、西班牙语和葡萄牙语发表的研究。
21 项研究符合纳入标准（13 项定性研究、6 项定量研究和 2 项混合方法研究）。使用批判性评估技能计划和混合方法评估工具评估研究质量。使用基于数据的趋同综合设计综合研究结果。
研究结果综合为四个主题：学业连续性和重返学校；身心健康；学校生活和参与以及利益相关者对儿童癌症的反应。研究结果表明，延长/反复缺勤、身体和心理变化、个人/健康因素影响了儿童的社会参与、同伴关系和重返学校。有助于更积极体验的因素包括在治疗期间与同学和老师保持联系、同学关系、来自学校社区的理解和支持。向儿童分享癌症信息是一个持续存在的挑战问题，需要谨慎处理。
很明显，由于治疗副作用、长期缺勤、破坏同伴关系、缺乏准备以及学校、家庭和医疗保健专业人员之间缺乏沟通，大多数儿童重返学校都面临很大的挑战。
尽管全世界癌症儿童幸存者的数量不断增加，但关于儿童重返学校经历和教育需求的研究仍然不足。这篇综述说明了儿童在重返学校时面临的巨大挑战，以及医疗保健专业人员、家长和学校人员提供更好的护理、支持和合作的重要性。护士可以通过提高认识并为重返学校做准备来提供帮助。
