Cho Sunjoo, Rehni Ashish K, Dave Kunjan R
Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
J Stroke. 2021 Jan;23(1):37-50. doi: 10.5853/jos.2020.04770. Epub 2021 Jan 31.
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) is one of the deadliest subtypes of stroke, and no treatment is currently available. One of the major risk factors is tobacco use. In this article, we review literature on how tobacco use affects the risk of sICH and also summarize the known effects of tobacco use on outcomes following sICH. Several studies demonstrate that the risk of sICH is higher in current cigarette smokers compared to non-smokers. The literature also establishes that cigarette smoking not only increases the risk of sICH but also increases hematoma growth, results in worse outcomes, and increases the risk of death from sICH. This review also discusses potential mechanisms activated by tobacco use which result in an increase in risk and severity of sICH. Exploring the underlying mechanisms may help alleviate the risk of sICH in tobacco users as well as may help better manage tobacco user sICH patients.
自发性脑出血（sICH）是最致命的中风亚型之一，目前尚无有效治疗方法。主要风险因素之一是吸烟。在本文中，我们回顾了关于吸烟如何影响sICH风险的文献，并总结了吸烟对sICH后预后的已知影响。多项研究表明，与不吸烟者相比，当前吸烟者发生sICH的风险更高。文献还证实，吸烟不仅会增加sICH的风险，还会促进血肿扩大，导致预后更差，并增加sICH导致的死亡风险。本综述还讨论了吸烟激活的潜在机制，这些机制会增加sICH的风险和严重程度。探索潜在机制可能有助于降低吸烟者发生sICH的风险，并有助于更好地管理吸烟所致sICH患者。
