Lamb Jim R, Scholp Austin J, Jiang Jack J
Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021 Mar 17;64(3):776-791. doi: 10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00501. Epub 2021 Feb 19.
Purpose The goal of this study was to present vocal aerodynamic measurements from pediatric and adult participant pools. There are a number of anatomical changes involving the larynx and vocal folds that occur as children age and become adults. Data were collected using two methods of noninvasive aerodynamic assessment: mechanical interruption and labial interruption. Method A total of 154 participants aged 4-24 years old took part in this study. Ten trials were performed for both methods of airway interruption. To perform mechanical interruption, participants phonated /α/ for 10 s trials while a balloon valve interrupted phonation 5 times. For labial interruption, participants said /pα/ 5 times at comfortable and quiet volumes. Aerodynamic measures included subglottal pressure, phonation threshold pressure, mean airflow, laryngeal resistance, and others. Results One hundred one participants (51 females) successfully completed testing with both methods. Eight out of 20 measurements were found to have a statistically significant effect of participant age on measurements. Sex alone had a significant effect on vocal efficiency for the labial quiet method. Conclusions The data discussed here can be used to view age and sex trends in vocal aerodynamic measurements. When using either method of mechanical or labial interruption, participant age needs to be taken into account to properly interpret several aerodynamic parameters. A participant's sex is not as important when using these methods.
目的 本研究的目的是展示来自儿童和成人参与者群体的嗓音空气动力学测量结果。随着儿童长大成人，会发生许多涉及喉部和声带的解剖学变化。使用两种非侵入性空气动力学评估方法收集数据：机械阻断法和唇阻断法。方法 共有154名年龄在4至24岁的参与者参加了本研究。两种气道阻断方法均进行了10次试验。进行机械阻断时，参与者在10秒的试验中发/α/音，同时一个气囊阀阻断发声5次。对于唇阻断，参与者以舒适且安静的音量说5次/pα/。空气动力学测量包括声门下压力、发声阈值压力、平均气流、喉部阻力等。结果 101名参与者（51名女性）成功完成了两种方法的测试。在20项测量中，发现有8项测量结果受参与者年龄的影响具有统计学意义。仅性别对唇安静法的嗓音效率有显著影响。结论 这里讨论的数据可用于观察嗓音空气动力学测量中的年龄和性别趋势。使用机械或唇阻断法时，需要考虑参与者年龄以正确解释几个空气动力学参数。使用这些方法时，参与者的性别没有那么重要。
