Departamento de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas Facultad de Odontología. Universidad Complutense de Madrid Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2021 Mar 1;26(2):e118-e125. doi: 10.4317/medoral.23915.
Propolis has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and healing properties. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a gel containing 2% of propolis extract, 0.2% of ascorbic acid and 0.2% of tocopherol acetate is effective in preventing surgical complications related to impacted lower third molar extractions.
A randomized, double-blind, split-mouth study was performed. Fifteen patients were recruited who needed bilateral impacted lower third molar extractions with a similar surgical difficulty. A test or placebo gel was administered randomly inside post-extraction sockets. Each patient was instructed to apply the gel 3 times/day in the surgical wound for a week. After a month, the contralateral third molar was extracted, and the opposite gel applied. The following parameters were diagnosed/evaluated and then recorded: alveolar osteitis following Blum's criteria, swelling and trismus at day one, two, three and seven post-intervention, wound healing at day 7 post-intervention, and postoperative pain using a visual analog scale, as well as, the number of analgesic pill intake.
A total of twenty-six surgical procedures were performed in 13 patients (mean age 20.67±2 years). Alveolar osteitis was reported in 3 patients from the placebo group (23.1%) and none in the test group (0%) (p=0.25). No statistically significant differences were reported in swelling, trismus, wound healing or analgesic pill consumption between two groups. But statistically lower postoperative pain during the 7 days after surgical extractions was found according to visual analog scale in test group compared to the placebo group (p=0.007). No side effects were reported.
The application of this gel may be effective in preventing alveolitis and thus reducing postoperative pain after impacted third molar extractions. More randomized clinical trials with larger sample are needed to confirm these results.
蜂胶具有抗炎、镇痛和愈合特性。本研究旨在确定一种含有 2%蜂胶提取物、0.2%抗坏血酸和 0.2%醋酸生育酚的凝胶是否能有效预防与下颌第三磨牙阻生拔除相关的手术并发症。
进行了一项随机、双盲、分口研究。招募了 15 名需要双侧下颌第三磨牙阻生拔除且手术难度相似的患者。随机在拔牙窝内给予试验或安慰剂凝胶。每位患者被指示在手术伤口处每天应用凝胶 3 次，持续一周。一个月后，对另一侧第三磨牙进行拔除，并应用相反的凝胶。诊断/评估以下参数并记录：根据 Blum 标准诊断的牙槽骨炎、术后第 1、2、3 和 7 天的肿胀和牙关紧闭、术后第 7 天的伤口愈合情况、视觉模拟评分法评估的术后疼痛以及镇痛药的服用次数。
共在 13 名患者（平均年龄 20.67±2 岁）的 26 例手术中进行了研究。安慰剂组有 3 名患者（23.1%）出现牙槽骨炎，而试验组无患者出现（0%）（p=0.25）。两组之间在肿胀、牙关紧闭、伤口愈合或镇痛药服用次数方面均无统计学差异。但根据视觉模拟评分法，试验组在手术后 7 天内的术后疼痛明显低于安慰剂组（p=0.007）。未报告任何副作用。
应用这种凝胶可能有助于预防牙槽骨炎，从而减少下颌第三磨牙阻生拔除后的术后疼痛。需要更多的随机临床试验和更大的样本量来证实这些结果。
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