Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 May;60(5):589-596. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15308. Epub 2020 Dec 8.
The ability of Cutibacterium acnes strains to form biofilms has been correlated with their virulence.
This study examined biofilm and skin microbiota in acne patients in order to understand their role in the development of acne lesions.
Thin sections of punch biopsy specimens of (i) uninflamed comedones, (ii) inflammatory lesions, and (iii) uninvolved adjacent skin of acne patients were examined. Epiflourescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used for biofilm detection, and pyrosequencing with taxonomic classification of 16s rRNA gene amplicons was used for microbiota analysis.
Of the 39 skin specimens from patients with mild-moderate acne (n = 13) that were studied, nine (23%) contained biofilm. Among these specimens, biofilm was most frequently detected in comedones (55.6%) and less frequently in inflammatory papules (22.2%) and uninvolved skin (22.2%). Comedones demonstrated the highest mean alpha diversity of all the lesion subtypes. The relative abundance of Staphylococcus was significantly higher in comedones (11.400% ± 12.242%) compared to uninvolved skin (0.073% ± 0.185%, P = 0.024).
The microenvironment of the comedone differs from that of inflammatory lesions and unaffected skin. The increased frequency of biofilm in comedones may account for the lack of host inflammatory response to these lesions.
痤疮丙酸杆菌菌株形成生物膜的能力与其毒力相关。
本研究通过观察痤疮患者的生物膜和皮肤微生物群，来了解其在痤疮发病机制中的作用。
对痤疮患者（i）非炎症性粉刺、（ii）炎症性皮损和（iii）未受累的相邻皮肤的打孔活检标本进行薄切片检查。采用荧光和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜检测生物膜，并用 16s rRNA 基因扩增子的分类进行微生物组分析。
在所研究的 39 份轻度至中度寻常痤疮患者的皮肤标本中（n=13），有 9 份（23%）含有生物膜。在这些标本中，生物膜最常出现在粉刺中（55.6%），其次是炎症性丘疹（22.2%）和未受累皮肤（22.2%）。粉刺的 alpha 多样性平均值最高。与未受累皮肤（0.073%±0.185%，P=0.024）相比，粉刺中葡萄球菌的相对丰度显著更高（11.400%±12.242%）。
粉刺的微环境与炎症性皮损和未受累皮肤不同。粉刺中生物膜的高频率可能是这些病变缺乏宿主炎症反应的原因。
