Department of Dermatology, CIC 1413, CRCINA Inserm 1232, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.
Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, UMR 5503, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018 Jun;32 Suppl 2:5-14. doi: 10.1111/jdv.15043.
While the commensal bacterium Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is involved in the maintenance of a healthy skin, it can also act as an opportunistic pathogen in acne vulgaris. The latest findings on P. acnes shed light on the critical role of a tight equilibrium between members of its phylotypes and within the skin microbiota in the development of this skin disease. Indeed, contrary to what was previously thought, proliferation of P. acnes is not the trigger of acne as patients with acne do not harbour more P. acnes in follicles than normal individuals. Instead, the loss of the skin microbial diversity together with the activation of the innate immunity might lead to this chronic inflammatory condition. This review provides results of the most recent biochemical and genomic investigations that led to the new taxonomic classification of P. acnes renamed Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), and to the better characterisation of its phylogenetic cluster groups. Moreover, the latest data on the role of C. acnes and its different phylotypes in acne are presented, providing an overview of the factors that could participate in the virulence and in the antimicrobial resistance of acne-associated strains. Overall, this emerging key information offers new perspectives in the treatment of acne, with future innovative strategies focusing on C. acnes biofilms and/or on its acne-associated phylotypes.
虽然共生菌痤疮丙酸杆菌（P. acnes）参与了健康皮肤的维持，但它也可以作为寻常痤疮的机会性病原体。最近对 P. acnes 的研究结果揭示了其菌株之间以及皮肤微生物群之间紧密平衡在这种皮肤疾病发展中的关键作用。事实上，与之前的观点相反，P. acnes 的增殖并不是痤疮的触发因素，因为痤疮患者的毛囊中 P. acnes 并不比正常人多。相反，皮肤微生物多样性的丧失以及先天免疫的激活可能导致这种慢性炎症状态。这篇综述提供了最近的生化和基因组研究结果，这些结果导致了 P. acnes 的新分类学分类，更名为痤疮丙酸杆菌（C. acnes），并对其系统发育群进行了更好的描述。此外，还介绍了 C. acnes 及其不同菌株在痤疮中的最新作用，概述了可能参与痤疮相关菌株毒力和抗微生物耐药性的因素。总的来说，这些新出现的关键信息为痤疮的治疗提供了新的视角，未来的创新策略将集中在 C. acnes 生物膜和/或其与痤疮相关的菌株上。
