School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2021 Feb 26;49(1):507-517. doi: 10.1042/BST20200991.
The endothelium acts as a gatekeeper, controlling the movement of biomolecules between the circulation and underlying tissues. Although conditions of metabolic stress are traditionally considered as causes of endothelial dysfunction, a principal driver of cardiovascular disease, accumulating evidence suggests that endothelial cells are also active players in maintaining local metabolic homeostasis, in part, through regulating the supply of metabolic substrates, including lipids and glucose, to energy-demanding organs. Therefore, endothelial dysfunction, in terms of altered trans-endothelial trafficking of these substrates, may in fact be an early contributor towards the establishment of metabolic dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular disease. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underpin substrate trafficking through the endothelium represents an important area within the vascular and metabolism fields that may offer an opportunity for identifying novel therapeutic targets. This mini-review summarises the emerging mechanisms regulating the trafficking of lipids and glucose through the endothelial barrier and how this may impact on the development of cardio-metabolic disease.
内皮细胞作为一个“门卫”，控制着循环系统和下面组织之间生物分子的运动。虽然代谢应激的条件通常被认为是内皮功能障碍的原因，也是心血管疾病的主要驱动因素，但越来越多的证据表明，内皮细胞也是维持局部代谢平衡的积极参与者，部分是通过调节代谢底物（包括脂质和葡萄糖）的供应来实现的，以满足耗能器官的需求。因此，就这些底物穿过内皮细胞的跨内皮运输改变而言，内皮功能障碍实际上可能是导致代谢功能障碍和随后心血管疾病发生的早期因素。了解支撑底物穿过内皮细胞运输的分子机制是血管和代谢领域的一个重要领域，这可能为确定新的治疗靶点提供机会。这篇迷你综述总结了调节脂质和葡萄糖穿过内皮屏障运输的新出现的机制，以及这如何影响心脏代谢疾病的发展。
