Wakabayashi Hidetaka, Kishima Masako, Itoda Masataka, Fujishima Ichiro, Kunieda Kenjiro, Ohno Tomohisa, Shigematsu Takashi, Oshima Fumiko, Mori Takashi, Ogawa Nami, Nishioka Shinta, Yamada Minoru, Ogawa Sumito
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-0054, Japan.
Department of Dentistry, Wakakusa-Tatsuma Rehabilitation Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
Dysphagia. 2021 Jun;36(3):523-531. doi: 10.1007/s00455-021-10266-8. Epub 2021 Feb 23.
Sarcopenic dysphagia is a swallowing disorder due to sarcopenia involving the whole-body skeletal muscles and swallowing muscles. This scoping review aimed to explore the currently known information on the diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenic dysphagia and to clarify the types of research required to develop the field.
We searched the PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases from their inception to October 2020, using the search terms "(sarcopenia or sarcopenic or myopenia or dynapenia) and (dysphagia or swallowing or deglutition) and (diagnosis or treatment)". Articles reporting diagnosis method and treatment of sarcopenic dysphagia were included.
Twenty-one and eight articles reported on the diagnostic and treatment method, respectively. A diagnostic algorithm for sarcopenic dysphagia was most frequently used (n = 10). Other diagnostic methods included consensus diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic dysphagia (n = 4), sarcopenia and dysphagia without other causes of dysphagia (n = 4), and both sarcopenia and dysphagia (n = 3). The medical treatments for patients with sarcopenic dysphagia were described in single-patient case reports (n = 8) only. There were six articles reporting on a combination of rehabilitation and nutritional support. These reports showed the importance of interdisciplinary rehabilitation nutrition for improving patients' nutritional status and sarcopenia.
A reliable and validated diagnostic algorithm was the most widely used diagnostic method for sarcopenic dysphagia. Only case reports have been published for the medical treatment of patients with sarcopenic dysphagia. Interdisciplinary rehabilitation nutrition may be useful for treating patients with sarcopenic dysphagia.
肌少症性吞咽困难是一种由于肌少症累及全身骨骼肌和吞咽肌而导致的吞咽障碍。本综述旨在探讨目前已知的关于肌少症性吞咽困难诊断和治疗的信息，并明确该领域发展所需的研究类型。
我们检索了PubMed、MEDLINE、CINAHL和Cochrane数据库，检索时间从各数据库建库至2020年10月，检索词为“（肌少症或肌肉减少或肌少肌无力或肌无力）和（吞咽困难或吞咽或咽下）和（诊断或治疗）”。纳入报道肌少症性吞咽困难诊断方法和治疗的文章。
分别有21篇和8篇文章报道了诊断方法和治疗方法。最常用的是肌少症性吞咽困难的诊断算法（n = 10）。其他诊断方法包括肌少症性吞咽困难的共识诊断标准（n = 4）、无其他吞咽困难原因的肌少症和吞咽困难（n = 4）以及肌少症和吞咽困难两者（n = 3）。仅在单病例报告中描述了肌少症性吞咽困难患者的药物治疗（n = 8）。有6篇文章报道了康复与营养支持相结合的情况。这些报告表明跨学科康复营养对于改善患者营养状况和肌少症的重要性。
可靠且经过验证的诊断算法是肌少症性吞咽困难最广泛使用的诊断方法。关于肌少症性吞咽困难患者的药物治疗仅发表了病例报告。跨学科康复营养可能对治疗肌少症性吞咽困难患者有用。
