Yuille A L, Grzywacz N M
Harvard University Division of Applied Sciences, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.
Nature. 1988 May 5;333(6168):71-4. doi: 10.1038/333071a0.
When we see motion, our perception of how one image feature moves depends on the behaviour of other features nearby. In particular, the Gestaltists proposed the law of shared common fate, in which features tend to be perceived as moving together, that is, coherently. Recent psychophysical findings, such as the cooperativity of the motion system and motion capture, support this law. Computationally, coherence is a sensible assumption, because if two features are close then they probably belong to the same object and thus tend to move together. Moreover, the measurement of local motion may be inaccurate and so the integration of motion information over large areas may help to improve the performance. Present theories of visual motion, however, do not account fully for these coherent motion percepts. We propose here a theory that does account for these phenomena and also provides a solution to the aperture problem, where the local information in the image flow is insufficient to specify the motion uniquely.
当我们看到运动时，我们对一个图像特征如何移动的感知取决于附近其他特征的行为。特别是，格式塔心理学家提出了共同命运法则，即特征往往被感知为一起移动，也就是连贯地移动。最近的心理物理学发现，如运动系统的协同性和运动捕获，支持了这一法则。从计算角度来看，连贯性是一个合理的假设，因为如果两个特征靠得很近，那么它们可能属于同一个物体，因此往往会一起移动。此外，局部运动的测量可能不准确，所以在大面积上整合运动信息可能有助于提高性能。然而，目前的视觉运动理论并不能完全解释这些连贯的运动感知。我们在此提出一种理论，该理论既能解释这些现象，又能解决孔径问题，即图像流中的局部信息不足以唯一地确定运动。
