澳大利亚的性观念如何影响悉尼的东亚和撒哈拉以南非洲国际学生的性行为。
How perceived Australian sexual norms shape sexual practices of East Asian and sub-Saharan African international students in Sydney.
作者信息
Okeke Sylvester R
机构信息
Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Feb 23;21(1):395. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10445-0.
INTRODUCTION
Sexual norms, real or perceived, shape young people's sexual behaviour and may constitute one of the greatest challenges in HIV/STIs prevention among this population. This study used sexual script theory to explore how international students in Sydney, Australia - from traditional cultures of East Asian and sub-Saharan African countries - construct home backgrounds and Australian sexual norms and how this may shape their sexual practices during their studies in Australia.
METHODS
The study involved face-to-face and telephone semi-structured in-depth interviews. Data were provided by 20 international students who are enrolled in various universities in Sydney. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, coded into NVivo and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.
RESULTS
Identified patterns in the data showed three themes through which participants perceive sexual norms in Australia as distinctly different from their home country norms. First, participants stated that unlike their home country norms, sexual norms in Australia are permissive. Second, participants hold the view that compared to their home country norms, sex in Australia is largely casual as it is not always attached to love. Some participants revealed that this could shape their own sexual practices during their studies in Australia. Finally, participants noted that compared to their home countries' norm of sex talk taboo, Australia has an open sexual communication norm; which they believe, enables young people in western societies to easily acquire sexual health information.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings provide evidence to support a need for contextualized and effective sexual health services for international students that take account of perceptions around sexual norms and how they can be modified to ensure that sexual practices which these students may engage in, will be managed in a safe and responsible manner.
引言
性规范，无论真实存在还是被感知到的，都会塑造年轻人的性行为，并且可能构成该人群预防艾滋病毒/性传播感染方面的最大挑战之一。本研究运用性脚本理论，探讨来自东亚和撒哈拉以南非洲国家传统文化背景的悉尼国际学生如何构建家乡背景和澳大利亚的性规范，以及这如何影响他们在澳大利亚学习期间的性行为。
方法
该研究采用面对面和电话半结构化深度访谈。数据由20名在悉尼各大学就读的国际学生提供。访谈进行了录音、转录，编码录入NVivo并使用反思性主题分析法进行分析。
结果
数据中识别出的模式显示出三个主题，通过这些主题参与者认为澳大利亚的性规范与他们家乡的规范截然不同。首先，参与者表示，与家乡规范不同，澳大利亚的性规范较为宽松。其次，参与者认为，与家乡规范相比，澳大利亚的性行为很大程度上较为随意，因为它并不总是与爱情相关。一些参与者透露，这可能会影响他们在澳大利亚学习期间自己的性行为。最后，参与者指出，与家乡关于性话题禁忌的规范相比，澳大利亚有开放的性交流规范；他们认为，这使得西方社会的年轻人能够轻松获取性健康信息。
结论
研究结果提供了证据，支持有必要为国际学生提供因地制宜且有效的性健康服务，要考虑到对性规范的认知以及如何对其进行调整，以确保这些学生可能参与的性行为能够以安全和负责的方式进行管理。
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